Department of Psychology, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario Canada M3J 1P3.
Schizophr Res. 2011 Apr;127(1-3):178-80. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2011.01.007.
To assess deductive reasoning in schizophrenia patients with special reference to whether accuracy varies across type of stimulus problem. Previous research suggests that patients, unlike healthy controls, are insensitive to emotionally provocative (salient) problem content.
A syllogistic reasoning task consisting of five argument types varying in salience, congruence with commonly held beliefs and meaningfulness was administered along with standard intellectual and symptom measures to 25 schizophrenia patients and 26 healthy control participants.
Patients performed below control participants in all reasoning task conditions, but group differences were non significant after controlling for IQ. There were no significant interactions between group and argument type in terms of reasoning accuracy and both patients and controls performed better when reasoning with belief congruent material. In addition, no relation between deduction and paranoid symptoms was found.
Formal deductive reasoning abnormalities in schizophrenia are a reflection of the broadly based cognitive impairment documented in the illness.
评估精神分裂症患者的演绎推理能力，特别关注刺激问题的类型是否会影响准确性。先前的研究表明，与健康对照组相比，患者对情绪上有刺激性（显著的）问题内容不敏感。
一项包含五种论证类型的 syllogistic 推理任务，这些类型在显著性、与普遍信念的一致性和意义性方面有所不同，同时还对 25 名精神分裂症患者和 26 名健康对照组参与者进行了标准智力和症状测量。
患者在所有推理任务条件下的表现均低于对照组，但在控制智商后，组间差异无统计学意义。在推理准确性方面，组间和论证类型之间没有显著的相互作用，并且当患者和对照组使用与信念一致的材料进行推理时，表现更好。此外，推导与偏执症状之间没有关系。
精神分裂症中正式演绎推理异常是该疾病中广泛存在的认知障碍的反映。
