UMR 1161 VIROLOGIE ANSES-INRA-ENVA, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), 23 avenue du Général De Gaulle, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France.
Vet Res. 2011 Feb 2;42(1):18. doi: 10.1186/1297-9716-42-18.
Since its introduction into northern Europe in 2006, bluetongue has become a major threat to animal health. While the efficacy of commercial vaccines has been clearly demonstrated in livestock, little is known regarding the effect of maternal immunity on vaccinal efficacy. Here, we have investigated the duration and amplitude of colostral antibody-induced immunity in calves born to dams vaccinated against bluetongue virus serotype 8 (BTV-8) and the extent of colostral antibody-induced interference of vaccination in these calves. Twenty-two calf-cow pairs were included in this survey. The median age at which calves became seronegative for BTV was 84 and 112 days as assayed by seroneutralisation test (SNT) and VP7 BTV competitive ELISA (cELISA), respectively. At the mean age of 118 days, 13/22 calves were immunized with inactivated BTV-8 vaccine. In most calves vaccination elicited a weak immune response, with seroconversion in only 3/13 calves. The amplitude of the humoral response to vaccination was inversely proportional to the maternal antibody level prior to vaccination. Thus, the lack of response was attributed to the persistence of virus-specific colostral antibodies that interfered with the induction of the immune response. These data suggest that the recommended age for vaccination of calves born to vaccinated dams needs to be adjusted in order to optimize vaccinal efficacy.
自 2006 年在北欧引入以来，蓝舌病已成为动物健康的主要威胁。虽然商业疫苗在牲畜中的功效已得到明确证实，但对于母源免疫力对疫苗功效的影响知之甚少。在这里，我们研究了经蓝舌病毒血清型 8（BTV-8）免疫接种的母畜所产犊牛初乳抗体诱导免疫的持续时间和幅度，以及这些犊牛初乳抗体诱导的疫苗接种干扰程度。在这项调查中，共纳入了 22 对牛犊-母牛对。通过血清中和试验（SNT）和 VP7 BTV 竞争 ELISA（cELISA）检测，犊牛对 BTV 呈血清阴性的中位数年龄分别为 84 天和 112 天。在平均年龄为 118 天时，有 13/22 头犊牛接种了灭活的 BTV-8 疫苗。在大多数犊牛中，疫苗接种引发了较弱的免疫反应，只有 3/13 头犊牛发生血清转化。对疫苗接种的体液反应幅度与接种前母源抗体水平成反比。因此，缺乏反应归因于特异性病毒的初乳抗体持续存在，干扰了免疫反应的诱导。这些数据表明，需要调整接种疫苗的犊牛的推荐年龄，以优化疫苗的功效。
