Institute of Neuroinformatics, UZH/ETH, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland.
Neuroinformatics. 2011 Sep;9(2-3):167-79. doi: 10.1007/s12021-011-9106-1.
In 1873 Camillo Golgi discovered his eponymous stain, which he called la reazione nera. By adding to it the concepts of the Neuron Doctrine and the Law of Dynamic Polarisation, Santiago Ramon y Cajal was able to link the individual Golgi-stained neurons he saw down his microscope into circuits. This was revolutionary and we have all followed Cajal's winning strategy for over a century. We are now on the verge of a new revolution, which offers the prize of a far more comprehensive description of neural circuits and their operation. The hope is that we will exploit the power of computer vision algorithms and modern molecular biological techniques to acquire rapidly reconstructions of single neurons and synaptic circuits, and to control the function of selected types of neurons. Only one item is now conspicuous by its absence: the 21st century equivalent of the concepts of the Neuron Doctrine and the Law of Dynamic Polarisation. Without their equivalent we will inevitably struggle to make sense of our 21st century observations within the 19th and 20th century conceptual framework we have inherited.
1873 年，Camillo Golgi 发现了他的同名染色法，他称之为 la reazione nera。通过将神经元学说和动态极化定律的概念加入其中，Santiago Ramon y Cajal 能够将他在显微镜下看到的单个 Golgi 染色神经元连接成回路。这是革命性的，一个多世纪以来，我们一直遵循 Cajal 的成功策略。我们现在正处于一场新的革命的边缘，这场革命有望提供对神经回路及其运作的更全面描述。人们希望利用计算机视觉算法和现代分子生物学技术的力量，快速获得单个神经元和突触回路的重建，并控制选定类型神经元的功能。现在只有一项明显缺失：神经元学说和动态极化定律的 21 世纪等价物。没有它们的等价物，我们将不可避免地难以在我们继承的 19 世纪和 20 世纪的概念框架内理解我们 21 世纪的观察结果。
