EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research and the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
J Hum Nutr Diet. 2011 Jun;24(3):233-44. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-277X.2010.01149.x. Epub 2011 Feb 21.
Dairy intake may have beneficial effects with respect to becoming overweight, insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome (MS), although most of the available studies are cross-sectional and conducted among adults. The present study aimed to investigate whether dairy intake during adolescence and young adulthood protects against becoming overweight and (components of) MS at age 36 years.
Dairy intake was repeatedly measured between the ages of 13 and 36 years among participants (n=374) of a Dutch prospective longitudinal cohort study. Being overweight and components of MS were examined at age 36 years. A statistical method for longitudinal data, generalised estimating equations, was used to assess whether the time course of total dairy intake, high-fat and low-fat dairy was associated with being overweight and with (components of) MS.
The time course from age 13-36 years for total dairy intake did not differ between overweight and non-overweight participants, nor for participants with and without MS at age 36 years. Significant differences between groups were only observed at certain time points, mainly around the age of 21 and 27 years. High-fat dairy intake during adolescence tended to be higher in subjects with lower weight, a lower body fat percentage, lower waist circumference and lower triglyceride concentrations at age 36 years. In those having at least two risk factors for MS and high glycosylated haemoglobin, differences in dairy intake were in the opposite direction.
These results do not support the hypothesis that dairy consumption protects against potentially becoming overweight and metabolic disturbances.
摄入乳制品可能对超重、胰岛素抵抗和代谢综合征（MS）有益，尽管大多数可用的研究都是横断面研究，并且是在成年人中进行的。本研究旨在调查青少年和成年早期摄入乳制品是否能预防 36 岁时超重和（MS 的组成部分）。
在荷兰一项前瞻性纵向队列研究的参与者（n=374）中，在 13 至 36 岁之间反复测量乳制品的摄入量。在 36 岁时检查超重和 MS 的组成部分。使用纵向数据的广义估计方程统计方法来评估总乳制品摄入量、高脂肪和低脂肪乳制品的时间过程是否与超重和（MS 的组成部分）有关。
从 13 岁到 36 岁的时间过程中，超重和非超重参与者之间的总乳制品摄入量没有差异，36 岁时患有和不患有 MS 的参与者之间也没有差异。仅在某些时间点观察到组间存在显著差异，主要在 21 岁和 27 岁左右。青少年时期的高脂肪乳制品摄入量在体重较低、体脂百分比较低、腰围较小和甘油三酯浓度较低的受试者中较高。在至少有两个 MS 和高糖化血红蛋白风险因素的患者中，乳制品摄入量的差异则相反。
这些结果不支持乳制品摄入可预防超重和代谢紊乱的假设。
