瑞士成年人高血压、高胆固醇血症和糖尿病的自我报告患病率和管理趋势，1997-2007 年。
Trends in self-reported prevalence and management of hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes in Swiss adults, 1997-2007.
机构信息
Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Bugnon, Lausanne, Switzerland.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2011 Feb 18;11:114. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-11-114.
BACKGROUND
Switzerland has a low mortality rate from cardiovascular diseases, but little is known regarding prevalence and management of cardiovascular risk factors (CV RFs: hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes) in the general population. In this study, we assessed 10-year trends in self-reported prevalence and management of cardiovascular risk factors in Switzerland.
METHODS
data from three national health interview surveys conducted between 1997 and 2007 in representative samples of the Swiss adult population (49,261 subjects overall). Self-reported CV RFs prevalence, treatment and control levels were computed. The sample was weighted to match the sex - and age distribution, geographical location and nationality of the entire adult population of Switzerland.
RESULTS
self-reported prevalence of hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes increased from 22.1%, 11.9% and 3.3% in 1997 to 24.1%, 17.4% and 4.8% in 2007, respectively. Prevalence of self-reported treatment among subjects with CV RFs also increased from 52.1%, 18.5% and 50.0% in 1997 to 60.4%, 38.8% and 53.3% in 2007 for hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes, respectively. Self-reported control levels increased from 56.4%, 52.9% and 50.0% in 1997 to 80.6%, 75.1% and 53.3% in 2007 for hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes, respectively. Finally, screening during the last 12 months increased from 84.5%, 86.5% and 87.4% in 1997 to 94.0%, 94.6% and 94.1% in 2007 for hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes, respectively.
CONCLUSION
in Switzerland, the prevalences of self-reported hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes have increased between 1997 and 2007. Management and screening have improved, but further improvements can still be achieved as over one third of subjects with reported CV RFs are not treated.
背景
瑞士心血管疾病死亡率较低，但对于普通人群中心血管风险因素（高血压、高胆固醇血症和糖尿病）的流行情况和管理措施知之甚少。在本研究中，我们评估了瑞士人群中报告的心血管风险因素的 10 年趋势。
方法
我们对 1997 年至 2007 年期间在瑞士成年人代表性样本中进行的三项全国健康访谈调查的数据进行了分析（共纳入 49261 名受试者）。我们计算了自我报告的心血管风险因素的流行率、治疗和控制水平。对样本进行了加权处理，以匹配瑞士全部成年人口的性别和年龄分布、地理位置和国籍。
结果
自我报告的高血压、高胆固醇血症和糖尿病的流行率分别从 1997 年的 22.1%、11.9%和 3.3%上升至 2007 年的 24.1%、17.4%和 4.8%。1997 年患有心血管风险因素的患者中自我报告的治疗比例分别为 52.1%、18.5%和 50.0%，2007 年则分别上升至 60.4%、38.8%和 53.3%，高血压、高胆固醇血症和糖尿病的治疗比例也分别有所上升。1997 年自我报告的高血压、高胆固醇血症和糖尿病的控制率分别为 56.4%、52.9%和 50.0%，2007 年则分别上升至 80.6%、75.1%和 53.3%。最后，1997 年高血压、高胆固醇血症和糖尿病的筛查率分别为 84.5%、86.5%和 87.4%，2007 年则分别上升至 94.0%、94.6%和 94.1%。
结论
在瑞士，1997 年至 2007 年间，自我报告的高血压、高胆固醇血症和糖尿病的流行率有所增加。管理和筛查工作有所改善，但仍有进一步改进的空间，因为超过三分之一的报告有心血管风险因素的患者未接受治疗。
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