Health Information Systems Service, Barcelona Public Health Agency, Praça Lesseps 1, Barcelona, Spain.
J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2011 Mar;20(3):403-11. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2010.2004. Epub 2011 Feb 22.
Socioeconomic inequalities affect different areas of health, including sexual and reproductive health. The aim of the present study was to analyze inequalities in the use of contraception among women resident in Spain in 2006.
This is a cross-sectional study of women aged 15-49 years and resident in Spain in 2006 that analyzes the use of contraception during their first experience of sexual intercourse and during the 4 weeks before the interview (n = 5,141). Socioeconomic inequalities are measured with indicators of socioeconomic position, such as level of education, social class, and country of origin, and such characteristics as age, religion, age at first intercourse, living with partner, and number of children.
Contraception was used by 70.4% of the women during their first experience of sexual intercourse and by 78.1% during the previous 4 weeks. The women who used contraception most during their first experience of sexual intercourse were nonreligious younger women from developed countries who had a higher level of education and who had their first experience after the age of 18. The women who used contraception most often during sex in the previous 4 weeks were younger women with a higher level of education who did not live with a partner, who had children, and who had used contraception during their first experience.
There are socioeconomic inequalities in the use of contraception among women in Spain. The use of contraception during the first experience of sexual intercourse was associated with more frequent use of contraception during sex in the 4 weeks before the interview.
社会经济不平等影响健康的多个领域，包括性健康和生殖健康。本研究旨在分析 2006 年居住在西班牙的女性在避孕措施使用方面的不平等现象。
这是一项对 2006 年居住在西班牙的 15-49 岁女性进行的横断面研究，分析了她们首次性行为期间和访谈前 4 周内使用避孕措施的情况（n=5141）。使用社会经济地位的指标（如教育程度、社会阶层和原籍国）以及年龄、宗教、首次性行为年龄、与伴侣同住情况和子女数量等特征来衡量社会经济不平等。
70.4%的女性在首次性行为期间使用了避孕措施，78.1%的女性在之前的 4 周内使用了避孕措施。在首次性行为期间最常使用避孕措施的女性是非宗教的年轻女性，来自发达国家，教育程度较高，首次性行为发生在 18 岁以后。在之前的 4 周内性活动中最常使用避孕措施的女性是年轻、教育程度较高、不与伴侣同住、有子女且在首次性行为中使用避孕措施的女性。
西班牙女性在避孕措施使用方面存在社会经济不平等。首次性行为期间使用避孕措施与访谈前 4 周内性活动中更频繁使用避孕措施有关。
