美国 HIV 感染的流行病学：对联系护理的影响。
Epidemiology of HIV infection in the United States: implications for linkage to care.
机构信息
Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA.
出版信息
Clin Infect Dis. 2011 Jan 15;52 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):S208-13. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciq044.
Abstract
The epidemiology of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in the United States has changed significantly over the past 30 years. HIV/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is currently a disease of greater demographic diversity, affecting all ages, sexes, and races, and involving multiple transmission risk behaviors. At least 50,000 new HIV infections will continue to be added each year; however, one-fifth of persons with new infections may not know they are infected, and a substantial proportion of those who know they are infected are not engaged in HIV care. Barriers to early engagement in care may be specific to a demographic group. In this paper, the current epidemiology of HIV/AIDS in the United States is reviewed in order to understand the challenges, successes, and best practices for removing the barriers to effective diagnosis and receipt of HIV care within specific demographic groups.
摘要
美国人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 感染的流行病学在过去 30 年中发生了重大变化。HIV/获得性免疫缺陷综合征 (HIV/AIDS) 目前是一种具有更大人口统计学多样性的疾病，影响所有年龄、性别和种族，并涉及多种传播风险行为。每年至少会新增 5 万例 HIV 感染病例；然而，五分之一的新感染者可能不知道自己已被感染，而那些知道自己已被感染的人中有相当一部分并未参与 HIV 护理。早期参与护理的障碍可能因人口统计学群体而异。本文回顾了美国目前的 HIV/AIDS 流行病学情况，以了解在特定人口统计学群体中消除有效诊断和接受 HIV 护理障碍的挑战、成功和最佳实践。
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