Obstet Gynecol. 2011 Mar;117(3):742-746. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e31821477db.
Epithelial ovarian cancer is most commonly detected in an advanced stage, when the overall 5-year survival rate is 20–30%. Detection of early-stage ovarian cancer results in improved survival. Currently, there is no effective strategy for ovarian cancer screening. Women with persistent and progressive symptoms, such as an increase in bloating, pelvic or abdominal pain, or difficulty eating or feeling full quickly, should be evaluated, with ovarian cancer being included in the differential diagnosis. Evaluation of the symptomatic patient includes physical examination and may include transvaginal ultrasonography and measurement of levels of the serum tumor marker CA 125. Patients suspected of having ovarian cancer should be managed by a gynecologic surgeon, such as a gynecologic oncologist, who is trained to perform comprehensive surgical staging and cytoreductive (debulking) surgery.
上皮性卵巢癌在晚期最为常见，此时总体 5 年生存率为 20-30%。早期卵巢癌的检测可提高生存率。目前，尚无有效的卵巢癌筛查策略。对于持续且进展的症状（如腹胀、盆腔或腹部疼痛、或进食或饱腹感迅速增加）的女性，应进行评估，包括卵巢癌在内的鉴别诊断。有症状患者的评估包括体格检查，可能包括经阴道超声检查和血清肿瘤标志物 CA 125 水平的测量。疑似患有卵巢癌的患者应由妇科外科医生（如妇科肿瘤学家）进行管理，其接受过全面的外科分期和细胞减灭术（肿瘤减灭术）的培训。
