Bond Gary R, Kukla Marina
Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, NH, USA.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 2011 Mar;199(3):150-5. doi: 10.1097/NMD.0b013e31820c752f.
Individual Placement and Support (IPS) effectively helps clients with severe mental illness to obtain competitive jobs. However, one IPS model component, ongoing support for clients who obtain employment, has not been empirically validated. We hypothesized that frequency of employment specialist contact would be associated with job tenure. IPS employment specialists provided monthly data on 142 clients who had obtained employment, recording client contacts and competitive employment outcomes over a 2-year follow-up. Prototypically, employment specialists made weekly contact immediately after a job start, within a few months reduced this to monthly, and maintained this frequency thereafter. Frequency of contact was positively correlated with months of work during follow-up (r = 0.27). IPS typically provides support for 1 year or more after clients begin the job. Ongoing IPS support from employment specialists promotes continued employment. Future research should identify characteristics of effective employment specialist interventions and examine other sources of support.
个体安置与支持（IPS）有效地帮助患有严重精神疾病的客户获得有竞争力的工作。然而，IPS模式的一个组成部分，即对已就业客户的持续支持，尚未得到实证验证。我们假设就业专家的联系频率与工作任期相关。IPS就业专家提供了142名已就业客户的月度数据，记录了在两年随访期间客户的联系情况和竞争性就业结果。典型的情况是，就业专家在客户开始工作后立即每周进行联系，几个月后将其减少到每月一次，并在此后保持这一频率。联系频率与随访期间的工作月数呈正相关（r = 0.27）。IPS通常在客户开始工作后提供一年或更长时间的支持。就业专家持续提供的IPS支持促进了持续就业。未来的研究应确定有效就业专家干预措施的特征，并研究其他支持来源。
