MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit Agincourt, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Public Health Nutr. 2011 Jun;14(6):1114-22. doi: 10.1017/S1368980011000139. Epub 2011 Feb 28.
To investigate predictors of adolescent obesity in rural South Africa.
Cross-sectional study. Height, weight and waist circumference were measured using standard procedures. Overweight and obesity in adolescents aged 10-17 years were assessed using the International Obesity Taskforce cut-offs, while the WHO adult cut-offs were used for participants aged 18-20 years. Waist-to-height ratio of >0.5 defined central obesity in those at Tanner stages 3-5. Linear and logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate risk factors.
Agincourt sub-district, rural South Africa.
Participants (n 1848) were aged 10-20 years.
Combined overweight and obesity was higher in girls (15 %) than boys (4 %), as was central obesity (15 % and 2 %, respectively). With regard to overweight/obesity, fourfold higher odds were observed for girls and twofold higher odds were observed for participants from households with the highest socio-economic status (SES). The odds for overweight/obesity were 40 % lower if the household head had not completed secondary level education. For central obesity, the odds increased 10 % for each unit increase in age; girls had sevenfold higher odds v. boys; post-pubertal participants had threefold higher odds v. pubertal participants; those with older mothers aged 50+ years had twofold higher odds v. those whose mothers were aged 35-49 years; those in highest SES households had twofold higher odds v. those in lowest SES households.
In rural South Africa, adolescent females are most at risk of obesity which increases with age and appears to be associated with higher SES. To intervene effectively, it is essential to understand how household factors influence food choice, diet and exercise.
研究南非农村青少年肥胖的预测因素。
横断面研究。身高、体重和腰围采用标准程序进行测量。使用国际肥胖工作组的标准评估 10-17 岁青少年的超重和肥胖，而使用世界卫生组织的标准评估 18-20 岁的参与者。Tanner 阶段 3-5 的参与者中，腰高比大于 0.5 定义为中心性肥胖。采用线性和逻辑回归分析评估危险因素。
南非农村阿格因库尔特区。
1848 名参与者年龄在 10-20 岁之间。
女孩（15%）的超重和肥胖发生率高于男孩（4%），中心性肥胖的发生率（15%和 2%）也是如此。关于超重/肥胖，女孩的患病风险是男孩的四倍，社会经济地位最高的家庭的参与者患病风险是最低家庭的两倍。如果家庭主妇没有完成中学教育，超重/肥胖的几率会降低 40%。对于中心性肥胖，年龄每增加一个单位，患病风险增加 10%；女孩的患病风险是男孩的 7 倍；青春期后的参与者的患病风险是青春期前参与者的 3 倍；母亲年龄在 50 岁以上的参与者的患病风险是母亲年龄在 35-49 岁的参与者的 2 倍；社会经济地位最高的家庭的参与者的患病风险是社会经济地位最低的家庭的 2 倍。
在南非农村，少女最容易肥胖，而且这种肥胖随着年龄的增长而增加，似乎与较高的社会经济地位有关。为了有效地进行干预，了解家庭因素如何影响食物选择、饮食和锻炼至关重要。
