Krikorian R, Wrobel A J, Meinecke C, Liang W M, Kay J
Department of Psychiatry, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, OH 45267-0559.
J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 1990 Summer;2(3):256-60. doi: 10.1176/jnp.2.3.256.
The encephalopathy associated with direct nervous system infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been recognized as one of the major debilitating aspects of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and of pre-AIDS conditions. A comprehensive neuropsychological examination of symptomatic HIV-infected subjects without opportunistic cerebral disease demonstrated a distinctive pattern of cognitive deficits marked by prominent attentional impairment. Evidence of organizational and reasoning impairments also was observed, but language, visual-spatial, and memory consolidation abilities were relatively preserved. The findings suggest a profile of impairment similar to other cognitive syndromes involving dysfunction of predominantly anterior brain structures and projections and suggest a rationale for psychostimulant drug treatment.
与人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）直接感染神经系统相关的脑病，已被公认为是获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）和艾滋病前期状况的主要致残因素之一。对无机会性脑部疾病的有症状HIV感染受试者进行的全面神经心理学检查显示，存在以明显注意力损害为特征的独特认知缺陷模式。还观察到组织和推理能力受损的证据，但语言、视觉空间和记忆巩固能力相对保留。这些发现表明，其损害特征与其他涉及主要前脑结构和投射功能障碍的认知综合征相似，并为精神刺激药物治疗提供了理论依据。
