Perkins K A, Epstein L H, Sexton J E, Pastor S
Western Psychiatric Institute & Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA 15213.
J Subst Abuse. 1990;2(3):287-97. doi: 10.1016/s0899-3289(10)80002-1.
Smoking cessation may have significant effects on consumption of certain foods and other substances which may influence health. This study of seven young female smokers examined consumption of alcohol, coffee, soda, and sweets (sweet, high-fat foods) across 3 weeks, involving baseline ad lib smoking (week 1), complete cessation (week 2), and resumption of smoking (week 3). TV watching (i.e., nondietary activity) and subjective measures of craving and tension-anxiety also were assessed. Results showed increased intake of sweets and, to a lesser extent, alcohol after cessation which was reversed upon resumption of smoking. There were no significant changes across weeks in other substances. The changes in alcohol and sweet intake did not appear to be related directly to the subjective changes. These findings indicate that smoking cessation, a behavior change which promotes health, may lead to alterations in consumption of other substances, which may have adverse effects on health risk.
戒烟可能会对某些食物及其他物质的摄入量产生重大影响，而这些物质可能会影响健康。这项针对七名年轻女性吸烟者的研究，在三周时间内对她们的酒精、咖啡、汽水和甜食（高糖高脂食物）摄入量进行了检测，研究包括基线随意吸烟阶段（第1周）、完全戒烟阶段（第2周）以及恢复吸烟阶段（第3周）。同时还评估了看电视情况（即非饮食活动）以及对烟瘾、紧张焦虑的主观感受。结果显示，戒烟后甜食摄入量增加，酒精摄入量也有一定程度增加，恢复吸烟后则逆转。其他物质的摄入量在各周之间没有显著变化。酒精和甜食摄入量的变化似乎与主观变化没有直接关系。这些研究结果表明，戒烟这种促进健康的行为改变，可能会导致其他物质摄入量的改变，而这可能会对健康风险产生不利影响。
