All in the Division of Developmental Stomatognathic Function Science, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, 803-8580, Japan.
BMC Med Educ. 2018 Nov 16;18(1):264. doi: 10.1186/s12909-018-1365-1.
Smoking is a major risk factor for cancer and cardiovascular disease. However, mental stress leads to smoking in dental students. We believe that dentists, as health professionals, should set an example for the public. Therefore, this study determined the prevalence of and factors associated with regular smoking among Japanese dental students. We also surveyed their attitudes regarding smoking cessation and how to counsel smokers about quitting.
We collected demographic and behavioral data from 453 students at Kyushu Dental University, and evaluated their mental health with the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ 12). We also asked them nine questions related to their intentions to counsel smokers about quitting. A multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with smoking.
Fifty-two (11.5%) of the dental students smoked. Univariate analyses indicated that male gender, higher academic year, greater number of times eating out per day, alcohol consumption, prevalence of skipping breakfast, poor health, and poor sleep habits were significantly associated with regular smoking. Regular smokers were less likely to have GHQ 12 scores ≥4. On multivariate analysis, male gender (OR = 5.449, 95% CI = 1.851-16.040), sixth year students (OR = 21.971, 95% CI = 1.686-286.290), eating out two or more times a day (OR = 2.492, 95% CI = 1.165-5.331), drinking alcohol three or more times per week (OR = 9.484, 95% CI = 3.335-26.970), and GHQ 12 score ≥ 4 (OR = 0.339, 95% CI = 0.136-0.845) were significantly associated with regular smoking. Overall, 50.1% of the non-smokers and 71.2% of the regular smokers responded that patients' chances of quitting smoking are not increased when a dentist advises them to quit.
Regular smoking was strongly associated with male gender, higher academic year, alcohol consumption, and higher frequency of eating out per day. Mental health status among regular smokers was better than that among non-current smokers. Furthermore, we found that more than half of dental students have inadequate attitudes to advise their patients to quit smoking. It is necessary to develop educational programs regarding smoking for dental students.
吸烟是癌症和心血管疾病的主要危险因素。然而，精神压力会导致牙医学生吸烟。我们认为牙医作为健康专业人员，应该为公众树立榜样。因此，本研究旨在确定日本牙医学生中定期吸烟的流行情况和相关因素。我们还调查了他们对戒烟的态度以及如何为吸烟者提供戒烟建议。
我们从九州牙科大学的 453 名学生中收集了人口统计学和行为数据，并使用 12 项一般健康问卷（GHQ 12）评估了他们的心理健康状况。我们还询问了他们九个与劝阻吸烟者戒烟相关的问题。使用多变量二元逻辑回归分析确定与吸烟相关的因素。
52（11.5%）名牙医学生吸烟。单因素分析表明，男性、更高的学年、每天外出就餐次数增加、饮酒、不吃早餐、健康状况不佳和睡眠习惯不佳与定期吸烟显著相关。经常吸烟者的 GHQ 12 评分<4 的可能性较低。在多变量分析中，男性（OR=5.449，95%CI=1.851-16.040）、六年级学生（OR=21.971，95%CI=1.686-286.290）、每天外出就餐两次或更多次（OR=2.492，95%CI=1.165-5.331）、每周饮酒三次或更多次（OR=9.484，95%CI=3.335-26.970）和 GHQ 12 评分≥4（OR=0.339，95%CI=0.136-0.845）与定期吸烟显著相关。总体而言，50.1%的不吸烟者和 71.2%的吸烟者回答说，当牙医建议他们戒烟时，患者戒烟的机会不会增加。
定期吸烟与男性、更高的学年、饮酒和每天外出就餐次数增加密切相关。经常吸烟者的心理健康状况好于非吸烟者。此外，我们发现超过一半的牙医学生对建议患者戒烟的态度不足。有必要为牙医学生制定有关吸烟的教育计划。
