School of Optometry, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011 Mar 2;52(3):1220-5. doi: 10.1167/iovs.10-6296. Print 2011 Mar.
To compare eye and head movements, lane keeping, and vehicle control of drivers with hemianopic and quadrantanopic field defects with controls, and to identify differences in these parameters between hemianopic and quadrantanopic drivers rated safe to drive by a clinical driving rehabilitation specialist compared with those rated as unsafe.
Eye and head movements and lane keeping were rated in 22 persons with homonymous hemianopic defects and 8 with quadrantanopic defects (mean age, 53 years) who were ≥6 months post-injury and 30 persons with normal fields (mean age, 53 years). All were licensed to drive and were current drivers or aimed to resume driving. Participants drove a 6.3-mile route along non-interstate city roads under in-traffic conditions. Vehicle control was assessed objectively by vehicle instrumentation for speed, braking, acceleration, and cornering.
As a group, drivers with hemianopic or quadrantanopic defects drove slower, exhibited less excessive cornering or acceleration, and executed more shoulder movements than the controls. Those drivers with hemianopic or quadrantanopic defects rated as safe also made more head movements into their blind field, received superior ratings regarding eye movement extent and lane position stability, and exhibited less sudden braking and drove faster than those rated unsafe.
Persons with hemianopic and quadrantanopic defects rated as safe to drive compensated by making more head movements into their blind field, combined with more stable lane keeping and less sudden braking. Future research should evaluate whether these characteristics could be trained in rehabilitation programs aimed at improving driving safety in this population.
比较同形同侧偏盲和象限盲患者与对照组的眼球和头部运动、车道保持和车辆控制，识别临床驾驶康复专家评估为安全驾驶的同形同侧偏盲和象限盲患者与评估为不安全的患者在这些参数上的差异。
对 22 名同形同侧偏盲患者和 8 名象限盲患者（平均年龄 53 岁，均为损伤后≥6 个月）和 30 名视野正常的患者（平均年龄 53 岁）的眼球和头部运动及车道保持进行评分。所有参与者均获得驾驶执照，目前为驾驶员或有意恢复驾驶。参与者在非州际城市道路上行驶 6.3 英里的路线，在交通条件下行驶。车辆控制通过车辆仪器客观评估速度、制动、加速和转弯。
作为一个整体，同形同侧偏盲或象限盲患者的驾驶速度较慢，过度转弯或加速较少，肩部运动较多。那些被评估为安全驾驶的同形同侧偏盲或象限盲患者，头部向盲侧的运动幅度更大，眼球运动范围和车道位置稳定性的评分更高，急刹车的次数更少，驾驶速度也更快，而那些被评估为不安全的患者则相反。
被评估为安全驾驶的同形同侧偏盲和象限盲患者通过向盲侧更多地转头，结合更稳定的车道保持和更少的急刹车来进行补偿。未来的研究应评估这些特征是否可以在旨在提高该人群驾驶安全性的康复计划中进行训练。
