Faculty of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Centre on Aging and Health, University of Regina, Regina, SK, S4S 0A2, Canada.
Biogerontology. 2011 Aug;12(4):273-81. doi: 10.1007/s10522-011-9327-6. Epub 2011 Mar 4.
Sarcopenia, defined as the age-related loss of muscle mass, subsequently has a negative effect on strength, metabolic rate and functionality leading to a reduced quality of life. With the projected increase in life expectancy, the incidence of muscle loss may rise and further drain the health care system, with greater need for hospitalization, treatment, and rehabilitation. Without effective strategies to counteract aging muscle loss, a global health care crisis may be inevitable. Resistance training is well established to increase aging muscle mass and strength. However, muscle and strength loss is still evident in older adults who have maintained resistance training for most of their life, suggesting that other factors such as nutrition may affect aging muscle biology. Supplementing with creatine, a high-energy compound found in red meat and seafood, during resistance training has a beneficial effect on aging muscle. Emerging evidence now suggests that the timing and dosage of creatine supplementation may be important factors for aging muscle accretion. Unfortunately, the long-term effects of different creatine application strategies on aging muscle are relatively unknown.
肌肉减少症是指与年龄相关的肌肉质量损失，随后会对力量、代谢率和功能产生负面影响，导致生活质量下降。随着预期寿命的延长，肌肉损失的发生率可能会上升，并进一步消耗医疗保健系统，需要更多的住院治疗、治疗和康复。如果没有有效的策略来对抗衰老导致的肌肉损失，全球医疗保健危机可能不可避免。阻力训练已被充分证实可增加衰老肌肉的质量和力量。然而，即使是那些一生中大部分时间都坚持进行阻力训练的老年人，仍然会出现肌肉和力量的损失，这表明其他因素，如营养，可能会影响衰老肌肉的生物学特性。在进行阻力训练时补充肌酸，一种在红色肉类和海鲜中发现的高能化合物，对衰老肌肉有有益的影响。新出现的证据表明，肌酸补充的时间和剂量可能是影响衰老肌肉积累的重要因素。不幸的是，不同肌酸应用策略对衰老肌肉的长期影响相对未知。
