Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Nutrients. 2021 May 13;13(5):1633. doi: 10.3390/nu13051633.
Creatine is a broadly used dietary supplement that has been extensively studied for its benefit on the musculoskeletal system. Yet, there is limited knowledge regarding the metabolic regulation of creatine in cells beyond the muscle. New insights concerning various regulatory functions for creatine in other physiological systems are developing. Here, we highlight the latest advances in understanding creatine regulation of T cell antitumor immunity, a topic that has previously gained little attention in the creatine research field. Creatine has been identified as an important metabolic regulator conserving bioenergy to power CD8 T cell antitumor reactivity in a tumor microenvironment; creatine supplementation has been shown to enhance antitumor T cell immunity in multiple preclinical mouse tumor models and, importantly, to synergize with other cancer immunotherapy modalities, such as the PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapy, to improve antitumor efficacy. The potential application of creatine supplementation for cancer immunotherapy and the relevant considerations are discussed.
肌酸是一种广泛应用的膳食补充剂，其对肌肉骨骼系统的益处已经得到了广泛的研究。然而，对于肌酸在细胞内除肌肉以外的代谢调节知之甚少。目前，人们对肌酸在其他生理系统中的各种调节功能有了新的认识。在这里，我们重点介绍了理解肌酸对 T 细胞抗肿瘤免疫的最新进展，这是肌酸研究领域以前很少关注的一个课题。肌酸已被确定为一种重要的代谢调节剂，可在肿瘤微环境中为 CD8 T 细胞抗肿瘤反应提供生物能量；补充肌酸已被证明可增强多种临床前小鼠肿瘤模型中的抗肿瘤 T 细胞免疫，重要的是，与其他癌症免疫治疗方式（如 PD-1/PD-L1 阻断疗法）协同作用，以提高抗肿瘤疗效。讨论了肌酸补充剂在癌症免疫治疗中的潜在应用及其相关注意事项。
