Faculty of Kinesiology and Health Studies, University of Regina, Regina SK S4SOA2, Canada.
Faculty of Education, Department of Physical Education Studies, Brandon University, Brandon MB R7A6A9, Canada.
Nutrients. 2021 Feb 26;13(3):745. doi: 10.3390/nu13030745.
Sarcopenia, defined as age-related reduction in muscle mass, strength, and physical performance, is associated with other age-related health conditions such as osteoporosis, osteosarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity, physical frailty, and cachexia. From a healthy aging perspective, lifestyle interventions that may help overcome characteristics and associated comorbidities of sarcopenia are clinically important. One possible intervention is creatine supplementation (CR). Accumulating research over the past few decades shows that CR, primarily when combined with resistance training (RT), has favourable effects on aging muscle, bone and fat mass, muscle and bone strength, and tasks of physical performance in healthy older adults. However, research is very limited regarding the efficacy of CR in older adults with sarcopenia or osteoporosis and no research exists in older adults with osteosarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity, physical frailty, or cachexia. Therefore, the purpose of this narrative review is (1) to evaluate and summarize current research involving CR, with and without RT, on properties of muscle and bone in older adults and (2) to provide a rationale and justification for future research involving CR in older adults with osteosarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity, physical frailty, or cachexia.
肌肉减少症是一种与年龄相关的肌肉质量、力量和身体机能下降的病症，它与其他与年龄相关的健康状况有关，如骨质疏松症、骨肌减少症、肌少症性肥胖症、身体虚弱和恶病质。从健康老龄化的角度来看，生活方式干预措施可能有助于克服肌肉减少症的特征和相关合并症，这在临床上非常重要。一种可能的干预措施是肌酸补充（CR）。过去几十年的研究表明，CR 主要与抗阻训练（RT）结合使用，对健康老年人的衰老肌肉、骨骼和脂肪质量、肌肉和骨骼力量以及身体机能任务具有有利影响。然而，关于 CR 在肌少症或骨质疏松症老年人中的疗效的研究非常有限，并且在患有骨肌减少症、肌少症性肥胖症、身体虚弱或恶病质的老年人中没有研究。因此，本叙述性综述的目的是（1）评估和总结目前涉及 CR 与 RT 联合或不联合治疗对老年人肌肉和骨骼特性的研究，（2）为未来在患有骨肌减少症、肌少症性肥胖症、身体虚弱或恶病质的老年人中进行 CR 研究提供理论依据和理由。
