Leinikki P, Granström M L, Santavuori P, Pettay O
Scand J Infect Dis. 1978;10(3):165-71. doi: 10.3109/inf.1978.10.issue-3.02.
The occurrence and possible consequences of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections were studied in 200 mothers and their children by means of immunofluorescent antibody assays in serum, virus isolation from urine and regular clinical and neurological examinations. The prospective study covered the time from early pregnancy to 1 year post partum. The frequency of intrauterine infections was 2%, while 30% of the children became perinatally infected as indicated by the onset of virus excretion and an antibody response at the age of 2--4 months. Later on the occurrence of CMV infections declined sharply. 23 mothers had no CMV antibodies and none of their children contracted CMV during the first year of life. Maternal antibodies seemed unable to protect the child from CMV infections or to delay the onset of virus excretion in perinatally infected children. Intrauterine infections did not correlate with significant increases in the antibodiy titres of the mothers or the presence of IgM antibodies either in the mother's sera or in the cord sera. Perinatal infections were often associated with the presence of IgM antibodies both in the child and in the mother and in these mothers significant increases in CMV antibody titres were frequently seen, probably indicating an activated latent infection. Immunofluorescent antibody assay correlated well with virus isolations and was more sensitive than complement-fixing antibody assay.
通过血清免疫荧光抗体检测、尿液病毒分离以及定期的临床和神经学检查，对200名母亲及其子女的巨细胞病毒（CMV）感染的发生情况及可能的后果进行了研究。这项前瞻性研究涵盖了从妊娠早期到产后1年的时间段。宫内感染的发生率为2%，而30%的儿童在围产期感染，这可通过病毒排泄的开始以及在2至4个月龄时的抗体反应来表明。之后CMV感染的发生率急剧下降。23名母亲没有CMV抗体，她们的孩子在生命的第一年都未感染CMV。母体抗体似乎无法保护孩子免受CMV感染，也无法延迟围产期感染儿童病毒排泄的开始。宫内感染与母亲抗体滴度的显著增加或母亲血清或脐带血清中IgM抗体的存在均无关联。围产期感染通常与儿童和母亲体内IgM抗体的存在相关，在这些母亲中，经常可见CMV抗体滴度显著增加，这可能表明潜伏感染被激活。免疫荧光抗体检测与病毒分离结果相关性良好，且比补体结合抗体检测更敏感。
