Gastroenterological Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Medicine B, University of Münster, Domagkstraβe 3a, 48149 Münster, Germany.
Environ Toxicol. 2013 Feb;28(2):76-86. doi: 10.1002/tox.20699. Epub 2011 Mar 7.
High concentrations of airborne particulate matter (PM) have been associated with increased rates of morbidity and mortality among exposed populations. Although certain components of PM were suggested to influence these effects, no clear-cut correlation was determined thus far. One of the possible modes of action is the induction of oxidative stress by inhaled PM triggering inflammatory responses. Therefore, the in vitro formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in three cell lines in the presence of five subfractions of PM(10), collected in Münster, Germany was investigated. The PM components chloride, nitrate, ammonium, sulfate, 68 chemical elements, and endotoxin were quantified. The highest concentration of endotoxin was found in particles of 0.42-1.2 μm aerodynamic diameters, and therefore probably subject to long-range transport. Intracellular ROS formation in three well established mammalian cell lines (CaCo2, human; MDCK, canine; RAW264.7, mouse) only correlated positively with particle size. The two smallest PM size fractions provoked the highest rise in ROS. However, the latter did not correlate with the concentration of any PM components investigated. The smallest PM size fractions significantly dominated the number of particles. Therefore, the particle number may be most effective in inducing oxidative stress in vitro.
空气中的颗粒物（PM）浓度较高与暴露人群的发病率和死亡率增加有关。尽管某些 PM 成分被认为会影响这些影响，但到目前为止还没有确定明确的相关性。一种可能的作用模式是吸入 PM 引发炎症反应引起的氧化应激。因此，研究了在德国明斯特采集的五个 PM（10）亚组分存在的情况下，三种细胞系中活性氧（ROS）的体外形成。定量了 PM 成分中的氯、硝酸盐、铵、硫酸盐、68 种化学元素和内毒素。在 0.42-1.2 μm 空气动力学直径的颗粒中发现了最高浓度的内毒素，因此可能会受到长距离运输的影响。在三种成熟的哺乳动物细胞系（CaCo2，人；MDCK，犬；RAW264.7，鼠）中，细胞内 ROS 的形成仅与颗粒大小呈正相关。两个最小的 PM 粒径分数引起的 ROS 升高最高。然而，后者与所研究的任何 PM 成分的浓度均没有相关性。最小的 PM 粒径分数显著占颗粒数量的主导地位。因此，颗粒数量可能在体外诱导氧化应激方面最有效。
