Skalski Michał
Katedra i Klinika Psychiatryczna Poradnia Leczenia Zaburzeń Snu, Warszawki Uniwersytet Medyczny, Warszawa.
Przegl Lek. 2010;67(9):721-5.
Approximately one third of adults report difficulty sleeping, and 10% to 15% have the clinical disorder of insomnia. Among primary care patients, approximately half have sleep difficulties, but these difficulties often are undetected. Sleep disorders, especially chronic insomnia, results in impaired occupational performance and diminished quality of life. Insomnia is associated with higher healthcare usage and costs, including a 2-fold increase in hospitalizations and physician visits. Insomnia is also a risk factor for a number of other medical and psychiatric disorders, such as depression, hypertension. This presentation describes different sleep disorders (insomnia, hypersomnia, obstructive sleep apnea, sleep related movement disorders, circadian rhythms sleep disorders, parasomnias), diagnostic methods available in sleep medicine. The various treatment options for these sleep disorders are also identified.
约三分之一的成年人表示存在睡眠困难，10%至15%的人患有失眠临床疾病。在初级保健患者中，约一半存在睡眠困难，但这些困难往往未被察觉。睡眠障碍，尤其是慢性失眠，会导致工作能力受损和生活质量下降。失眠与更高的医疗保健使用和成本相关，包括住院和看医生的次数增加两倍。失眠也是许多其他医学和精神疾病的危险因素，如抑郁症、高血压。本报告介绍了不同的睡眠障碍（失眠、嗜睡症、阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停、睡眠相关运动障碍、昼夜节律睡眠障碍、异态睡眠）、睡眠医学中可用的诊断方法。还确定了这些睡眠障碍的各种治疗选择。
