Meding B, Swanbeck G
Department of Dermatology, University of Göteborg, Sahlgren's Hospital, Sweden.
Contact Dermatitis. 1990 Jan;22(1):13-23. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.1990.tb01499.x.
Hand eczema in relation to occupation was studied in an industrial city. Questionnaires were sent to 20,000 individuals aged 20-65 years, randomly selected from the population register of the city. Those subjects (1385) considering themselves to have had hand eczema within the previous 12 months were invited to a dermatological examination including patch testing. It was found that the reported 1-year period prevalence of hand eczema in the total sample was 11.8%. The only occupational group reporting a statistically significant higher 1-year period prevalence was service work, 15.4%. Among all occupations, cleaners turned out to have the highest period prevalence, 21.3%. Hand eczema was more common among people reporting some kind of occupational exposure. The most harmful exposure turned out to be to unspecified chemicals, water and detergents and dust and dry dirt. The use of protective gloves is reported and analysed. The most common contact allergy was nickel, followed by cobalt, fragrance-mix, balsam of Peru and colophony. A statistically significant increase in contact allergy to colophony for women in administrative work was found. It is concluded that the type of hand eczema that is mostly dependent on occupation is irritant contact dermatitis.
在一个工业城市对与职业相关的手部湿疹进行了研究。向从该市人口登记册中随机抽取的20000名年龄在20至65岁之间的个体发送了调查问卷。那些自认为在过去12个月内患有手部湿疹的受试者（1385名）被邀请进行皮肤科检查，包括斑贴试验。结果发现，整个样本中报告的手部湿疹1年患病率为11.8%。唯一报告1年患病率在统计学上显著较高的职业群体是服务工作，为15.4%。在所有职业中，清洁工的患病率最高，为21.3%。手部湿疹在报告有某种职业暴露的人群中更为常见。最有害的暴露源是未指明的化学物质、水、洗涤剂以及灰尘和干污垢。对防护手套的使用情况进行了报告和分析。最常见的接触性过敏原是镍，其次是钴、香料混合物、秘鲁香脂和松香。发现从事行政工作的女性对松香的接触性过敏在统计学上显著增加。研究得出结论，主要取决于职业的手部湿疹类型是刺激性接触性皮炎。
