Laboratorio de Genética, Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, México, D.F. México.
Pharm Biol. 2011 Jun;49(6):640-7. doi: 10.3109/13880209.2010.527992. Epub 2011 Mar 11.
We used the wing somatic assay in Drosophila melanogaster to test the hypothesis that two phytoextracts from Cecropia obtusifolia Bertol (Cecropiaceae) and Equisetum myriochaetum Schlecht. et Cham (Equisetaceae), which are used in folk medicine to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus, could detoxify the mutagen hydrogen peroxide.
Third instar larvae from standard (ST) and high-bioactivation (HB) crosses were chronically exposed to different concentrations of the phytoextracts. Hydrogen peroxide was used to induce oxidative stress and was chronically tested in both crosses. Catalase activity was measured in larvae of both strains 48 h after treatment with hydrogen peroxide. A pretreatment protocol was devised to test the antimutagenic potency of the medicinal extracts.
The present study showed that neither of the phytoextracts were genotoxic in Drosophila. Interestingly, the antioxidant enzyme activity levels were different between the larvae. Hydrogen peroxide resulted in a significant genotoxic effect in the ST cross, whereas a detoxification of hydrogen peroxide was found in the HB cross. Thus, catalase was stimulated in the HB cross, which was indicative of a cellular defense mechanism mounted against a xenobiotic hazard. We found that the percentage of inhibition of spots produced by E. myriochaetum was much higher than that induced by Cecropia obtusifolia.
These results are in agreement with the uses of these phytoextracts in traditional medicine. Indeed, the lack of genotoxicity and the antimutagenic activity observed for both phytoextracts validates their use as a therapeutic modality to treat diabetic patients. Moreover, these extracts are suitable for consumption as teas and/or phytomedicines.
我们使用黑腹果蝇的翅体检测来验证两个假设，即两种植物提取物，来自于在民间医学中用于治疗 2 型糖尿病的 Cecropia obtusifolia Bertol（桑科）和 Equisetum myriochaetum Schlecht. et Cham（木贼科），可以解毒致突变剂过氧化氢。
用标准（ST）和高生物激活（HB）杂交的三龄幼虫进行慢性暴露于不同浓度的植物提取物。用过氧化氢诱导氧化应激，并在两个杂交中进行慢性测试。过氧化氢处理 48 小时后，测量两种品系幼虫的过氧化氢酶活性。设计了一个预处理方案来测试药用提取物的抗突变作用。
本研究表明，两种植物提取物在果蝇中均无遗传毒性。有趣的是，抗氧化酶活性水平在幼虫之间有所不同。过氧化氢在 ST 杂交中导致明显的遗传毒性效应，而在 HB 杂交中发现了过氧化氢的解毒作用。因此，在 HB 杂交中，过氧化氢酶被刺激，这表明针对异生物质危害的细胞防御机制被启动。我们发现，E. myriochaetum 产生的斑点抑制率远高于 Cecropia obtusifolia。
这些结果与这些植物提取物在传统医学中的用途一致。事实上，两种植物提取物都没有观察到遗传毒性和抗突变活性，这验证了它们作为治疗糖尿病患者的治疗方法的用途。此外，这些提取物适合作为茶和/或植物药物使用。
