Boeing Thaise, Tafarelo Moreno Karyne Garcia, Gasparotto Junior Arquimedes, Mota da Silva Luisa, de Souza Priscila
Escola de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de Sa˜o Paulo, Ribeira˜o Preto, Sa˜o Paulo, Brazil.
Laboratório de Farmacologia Cardiovascular (LaFaC), Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021 Mar 5;2021:6658434. doi: 10.1155/2021/6658434. eCollection 2021.
The genus, Equisetaceae family, is widely distributed worldwide and may be the oldest nonextinct genus on Earth. There are about 30 known species, which are very often used in traditional medicine with diverse applications. This review aimed to compile scientific reports about species with relevant pharmacological properties and/or therapeutic potential for kidney diseases. Our bibliographic survey demonstrates that the most widespread traditional use of is as a diuretic, followed by the treatment of genitourinary diseases (kidney diseases, urethritis, kidney stones, and others), inflammation, wound healing, rheumatic diseases, prostatitis, and hypertension. The most popular species from the genus with medicinal use is L., whose diuretic effect was confirmed in animal models and clinical trials. The species Kunth also demonstrated the beneficial effect of inducing diuresis in both experimental and clinical assays. Several other species have also been studied regarding their therapeutic potential, showing different biological actions. Regarding the chemical composition, it contains many active constituents, such as alkaloids, flavonoids, phenol, phytosterols, saponins, sterols, silicic acid, tannin, triterpenoids, and volatile oils. However, despite the widespread traditional use, many species need to be explored in detail for scientific validation of popular use. Indeed, the species of the genus have great potential in the management of kidney disorders.
木贼属属于木贼科，广泛分布于世界各地，可能是地球上现存最古老的属。已知约有30个物种，它们在传统医学中有着广泛的应用。本综述旨在汇编有关具有相关药理特性和/或对肾脏疾病有治疗潜力的物种的科学报告。我们的文献调查表明，其最广泛的传统用途是作为利尿剂，其次是治疗泌尿生殖系统疾病（肾脏疾病、尿道炎、肾结石等）、炎症、伤口愈合、风湿性疾病、前列腺炎和高血压。木贼属中最常用的药用物种是木贼，其利尿作用在动物模型和临床试验中得到了证实。节节草在实验和临床研究中也显示出有利尿作用。其他几种物种也对其治疗潜力进行了研究，显示出不同的生物学作用。关于其化学成分，它含有许多活性成分，如生物碱、黄酮类化合物、酚类、植物甾醇、皂苷、甾醇、硅酸、单宁、三萜类化合物和挥发油。然而，尽管其传统用途广泛，但许多物种仍需要进行详细研究，以科学验证其普遍用途。事实上，木贼属物种在肾脏疾病的治疗方面具有巨大潜力。
