Keller H H, Hedley M R, Wong S S L, Vanderkooy P, Tindale J, Norris J
Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON Canada N1G 2W1.
J Nutr Health Aging. 2006 Jan-Feb;10(1):15-20.
Evergreen Action Nutrition (EAN) is a health promotion program designed to facilitate relatively healthy members of a seniors recreation center to maintain their nutritional health as they age. A main goal of this project was to demonstrate the feasibility and relevance of using the community organization approach to develop a nutrition education program for seniors.
Using the current membership list, seniors were randomly selected to receive a mailed baseline (n=247) questionnaire. A follow-up survey (n=251) was sent out to randomly selected members three years later to determine participation in EAN and reported behavior change. Although not the same individuals, responses were compared to baseline to determine changes in nutritional risk. Items from the Diet and Health Knowledge survey were compared by EAN participation.
The program had a large reach with 162 survey respondents (64.5%) reporting some level of participation and 51% reporting "frequent" participation. Use of informal forms of education predominated (e.g. displays). Significant differences were found between baseline and follow-up for risk attributed to low intake of fruits and vegetables and frequency of eating, with EAN participants having reduced risk of low fruit and vegetable intake. Those participating in formal education (e.g. food workshops) reported more frequent changes in food practices than those participating in informal activities. EAN participants appear to have more healthy nutrition attitudes/beliefs.
The community organization approach to program planning and delivery leads to the development of diverse and appropriate nutrition education activities for seniors. Informal and formal health promotion activities can be successfully implemented in recreation centers.
常绿行动营养（EAN）是一项健康促进项目，旨在帮助老年娱乐中心相对健康的成员随着年龄增长维持其营养健康。该项目的一个主要目标是证明采用社区组织方法为老年人制定营养教育项目的可行性和相关性。
利用当前会员名单，随机挑选老年人收到一份邮寄的基线调查问卷（n = 247）。三年后向随机挑选的会员发送一份后续调查问卷（n = 251），以确定参与EAN的情况并报告行为变化。尽管不是同一批个体，但将回复与基线进行比较以确定营养风险的变化。通过EAN参与情况比较饮食与健康知识调查中的项目。
该项目覆盖面广，162名调查受访者（64.5%）报告有一定程度的参与，51%报告“经常”参与。以非正式教育形式为主（如展示）。在基线和随访之间，发现因水果和蔬菜摄入量低以及饮食频率导致的风险存在显著差异，EAN参与者水果和蔬菜摄入量低的风险降低。参与正规教育（如食品工作坊）的人报告饮食行为变化比参与非正规活动的人更频繁。EAN参与者似乎有更健康的营养态度/信念。
社区组织方法用于项目规划和实施可促成针对老年人的多样化且合适的营养教育活动的开展。非正规和正规的健康促进活动可在娱乐中心成功实施。
