Bridgewater Khary, Peterson Steve, McDevitt John, Hemenway David, Bass Jeffrey, Bothwell Paul, Everdell Ros
Emmanuel Gospel Center, USA.
Prog Community Health Partnersh. 2011 Spring;5(1):67-75. doi: 10.1353/cpr.2011.0011.
Youth violence in general and gang violence in particular continues to be a pernicious problem facing the majority of large U.S. cities. Attempts to reduce youth violence are hindered by the absence of a shared framework that crosses multiple disciplines.
The goal of the Youth Violence Systems Project (YVSP) is to help communities strategize for and achieve sustained reductions in youth violence in Boston.
A distinction of YVSP is the engagement of community residents in a group model building process to develop a conceptual framework and create a system dynamics computer model of youth violence in Boston. Community residents including youth participated in the design, execution, and evaluation of the project. We also partnered with community agencies to gain insight from individuals with a history of gang involvement or violent offense. The computer model highlights the dynamics of movement into and out of gangs, and the relationships that influence violent interactions among individuals and gangs. The model serves as a simulation-based laboratory for examining initiatives aimed at reducing youth violence within a community. It considers the positive feedback between traumatic stress and violence; as violence levels rise in the community, this increases individual traumatic stress, which further increases violent responses by community members.
The project's community-based approach coupled with its system dynamics methodology produced a new understanding of youth violence in Boston. This understanding undergirds the model's logic, making it more useful to community residents and more accurate in describing the behavior of youth in high-violence neighborhoods.
一般而言的青少年暴力，尤其是帮派暴力，仍然是美国大多数大城市面临的一个有害问题。由于缺乏一个跨多学科的共享框架，减少青少年暴力的努力受到了阻碍。
青少年暴力系统项目（YVSP）的目标是帮助波士顿的社区制定战略，以实现青少年暴力的持续减少。
YVSP的一个特点是让社区居民参与群体模型构建过程，以制定一个概念框架，并创建一个波士顿青少年暴力的系统动力学计算机模型。包括青少年在内的社区居民参与了该项目的设计、执行和评估。我们还与社区机构合作，以了解有帮派参与或暴力犯罪历史的个人的见解。该计算机模型突出了进出帮派的动态，以及影响个人和帮派之间暴力互动的关系。该模型作为一个基于模拟的实验室，用于检验旨在减少社区内青少年暴力的举措。它考虑了创伤应激与暴力之间的正反馈；随着社区暴力水平的上升，这会增加个人创伤应激，进而进一步增加社区成员的暴力反应。
该项目基于社区的方法及其系统动力学方法对波士顿的青少年暴力产生了新的理解。这种理解支撑了模型的逻辑，使其对社区居民更有用，并且在描述高暴力社区中青少年的行为时更准确。
