Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802-6505, USA.
Psychol Aging. 2011 Jun;26(2):363-71. doi: 10.1037/a0021500.
Repeated assessments obtained over years can be used to measure individuals' developmental change, whereas repeated assessments obtained over a few weeks can be used to measure individuals' dynamic characteristics. Using data from a burst of measurement embedded in the Berlin Aging Study (BASE; Baltes & Mayer, 1999), we illustrate and examine how long-term changes in cognitive ability are related to short-term changes in cognitive performance, cardiovascular function, and emotional experience. Our findings suggest that "better" cognitive aging over approximately 13 years was associated with greater cognitive plasticity, less cardiovascular lability, and less emotional diversity over approximately 2 weeks at age 90 years. The study highlights the potential benefits of multi-time scale longitudinal designs for the study of individual function and development.
多年来进行的重复评估可用于衡量个体的发展变化，而在数周内进行的重复评估可用于衡量个体的动态特征。我们使用了嵌入在柏林老龄化研究（BASE；Baltes & Mayer，1999）中的一系列测量数据，说明了并检验了认知能力的长期变化如何与认知表现、心血管功能和情绪体验的短期变化相关。我们的研究结果表明，在大约 13 年的时间里，“更好”的认知衰老与更大的认知灵活性、心血管稳定性降低以及 90 岁时大约 2 周内的情绪多样性降低有关。该研究强调了多时间尺度纵向设计在研究个体功能和发展方面的潜在优势。
