Department of Psychology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7650, USA.
Psychol Aging. 2012 Sep;27(3):742-9. doi: 10.1037/a0026447. Epub 2012 Jan 9.
We examined short-term intraindividual variability in control beliefs (competence and locus of control) and cognitive performance and the extent to which the constructs travel together over time. Thirty-six older adults (M = 74 years, SD = 5.51) completed questionnaires and cognitive tests twice each day for 60 consecutive days. Results indicated that control beliefs fluctuate within people across time. Multilevel models revealed that control and competence are coupled with concurrent and subsequent performance, but the benefit of occasion-level increases in control depends on individuals' average control. These findings underscore the importance of examining constructs using a within-person approach to identify dynamic processes in cognitive aging.
我们考察了控制信念（能力和控制源）和认知表现的短期个体内变异性，以及这些结构随时间推移而相互关联的程度。36 名老年人（M=74 岁，SD=5.51）每天两次、连续 60 天完成问卷和认知测试。结果表明，控制信念随时间在个体内波动。多层次模型显示，控制和能力与当前和后续表现相关联，但控制在偶发水平上的提高所带来的益处取决于个体的平均控制水平。这些发现强调了使用个体内方法来识别认知老化中的动态过程，从而检验结构的重要性。
