Nickavar Azar, Sotoudeh Kambiz
Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Tehran University Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Int J Prev Med. 2011 Jan;2(1):4-9.
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common serious bacterial infection in early life. Appropriate diagnosis and treatment prevent complications such as hypertension, proteinuria and end stage renal disease. A computerized search of MEDLINE, Embase and other databases was done to find the latest results about the treatment and prevention in pediatric UTI. Randomized control trials, systematic reviews and original articles were assessed. Search terms were "UTI, treatment, prophylaxis, prevention, and children". All children with complicated or simple UTI were included in our search study from neonatal period to late childhood and medical aspects of treatment were reviewed. Recently, treatment approaches have been changed by simplification of drug administration. Oral treatment is recommended especially in older infants and children instead of strict intravenous treatment and patient admission. In addition, prophylactic treatment becomes easier and limited to certain cases. In this article, we review the recent information and approaches in this setting.
尿路感染（UTI）是儿童期最常见的严重细菌感染。恰当的诊断和治疗可预防诸如高血压、蛋白尿及终末期肾病等并发症。我们对医学文献数据库（MEDLINE）、荷兰医学文摘数据库（Embase）及其他数据库进行了计算机检索，以查找有关儿童尿路感染治疗与预防的最新研究结果。我们评估了随机对照试验、系统评价及原创性文章。检索词为“尿路感染、治疗、预防、 prophylaxis、预防及儿童”。从新生儿期至儿童晚期，所有患有复杂性或单纯性尿路感染的儿童均纳入我们的检索研究，并对治疗的医学方面进行了综述。近来，给药方式的简化改变了治疗方法。尤其对于大龄婴儿和儿童，推荐口服治疗而非严格的静脉治疗及住院治疗。此外，预防性治疗变得更加简便，且仅限于某些病例。在本文中，我们综述了这方面的最新信息和方法。
