Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya City University Medical School, Aichi, Japan.
J Nurs Manag. 2009 Apr;17(3):359-65. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2834.2008.00960.x.
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between stress coping and burnout in Japanese hospital nurses.
Findings on effective stress management training are required in order to reduce nurse's stress and prevent it from becoming chronic.
The study included 1291 nurses who completed the General Coping Questionnaire and the Japanese version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey. The data were analysed using structural equation modelling.
In women, a frequent use of cognitive reinterpretation predicted low exhaustion and cynicism and high professional efficacy. In men, a frequent use of problem solving predicted low cynicism and high professional efficacy. Although for women, a frequent use of problem solving predicted high professional efficacy that was similar to men, there was also a concurrent high exhaustion.
These findings suggested that enhancement of cognitive coping skills for women and problem-solving skills for men could contribute to a reduction of burnout in nurses.
Our findings suggested that effective intervention strategies in order to prevent hospital nurse's stress from becoming chronic might be different between men and women. This difference should be taken into account in nursing management.
本研究旨在探讨日本医院护士的应对压力与倦怠之间的关系。
为了减轻护士的压力并防止其变为慢性压力，需要找到有效的压力管理培训方法。
研究纳入了 1291 名护士，他们完成了一般应对问卷和日本版 Maslach 倦怠量表-一般调查。使用结构方程模型对数据进行分析。
在女性中，频繁使用认知重评预测低耗竭和 Cynicism 以及高职业效能。在男性中，频繁使用问题解决预测低 Cynicism 和高职业效能。尽管对于女性来说，频繁使用问题解决可以预测与男性相似的高职业效能，但同时也伴随着高耗竭。
这些发现表明，增强女性的认知应对技巧和男性的解决问题技巧可能有助于减少护士的倦怠。
我们的发现表明，预防医院护士压力变为慢性的有效干预策略可能因男性和女性而有所不同。在护理管理中应考虑到这种差异。
