Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Finland.
Anxiety Stress Coping. 2012 Jan;25(1):93-116. doi: 10.1080/10615806.2011.565411. Epub 2011 May 24.
The aim of the present 2-year follow-up study among young managers (N=433) was to investigate the intraindividual developmental patterns of burnout and work engagement as well as their interconnections. More specifically, we examined the interconnectedness of the varying patterns (i.e., latent classes) of exhaustion and vigor (i.e., the energy dimension) and cynicism and dedication (i.e., the identification dimension) across time. The latent class solutions supported by the growth mixture modeling indicated four latent classes for exhaustion and five for vigor. In addition, four latent classes were found for cynicism and six for dedication. Cynicism and dedication represented opposites with a strong negative relationship, whereas exhaustion and vigor were not connected and seemed to be two independent constructs. Overall, the present findings confirmed the results of earlier studies relating to the energy and identification continua and underlined the importance of investigating the subdimensions of burnout and work engagement. Thus, our study showed that high cynicism goes hand in hand with low dedication, but high exhaustion and low vigor do not necessarily appear together.
本研究对 433 名年轻经理进行了为期 2 年的随访，旨在探讨倦怠和工作投入的个体内发展模式及其相互关系。更具体地说，我们考察了耗竭和活力（即能量维度）以及犬儒主义和投入（即认同维度）在不同时间的不同模式（即潜在类别）之间的相互联系。增长混合建模支持的潜在类别解决方案表明，耗竭有四个潜在类别，活力有五个潜在类别。此外，还发现犬儒主义有四个潜在类别，投入有六个潜在类别。犬儒主义和投入是对立的，呈强烈的负相关，而耗竭和活力没有关联，似乎是两个独立的结构。总的来说，本研究结果证实了早期研究关于能量和认同连续体的结果，并强调了研究倦怠和工作投入的子维度的重要性。因此，我们的研究表明，高度犬儒主义与低度投入相伴而生，而高度耗竭和低度活力并不一定同时出现。
