Max-Planck-Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Spemannstrasse 44, Tübingen, Germany.
Mem Cognit. 2011 Aug;39(6):1042-54. doi: 10.3758/s13421-011-0088-x.
The integration of spatial information perceived from different viewpoints is a frequent, yet largely unexplored, cognitive ability. In two experiments, participants saw two presentations, each consisting of three targets-that is, illuminated tiles on the floor-before walking the shortest possible path across all targets. In Experiment 1, participants viewed the targets either from the same viewpoint or from different viewpoints. Errors in recalling targets increased if participants changed their viewpoints between presentations, suggesting that memory acquired from different viewpoints had to be aligned for integration. Furthermore, the error pattern indicates that memory for the first presentation was transformed into the reference frame of the second presentation. In Experiment 2, we examined whether this transformation occurred because new information was integrated already during encoding or because memorized information was integrated when required. Results suggest that the latter is the case. This might serve as a strategy for avoiding additional alignments.
从不同视角感知到的空间信息的整合是一种常见但尚未得到充分探索的认知能力。在两项实验中，参与者观看了两次演示，每次演示都由三个目标组成——即地板上的照明瓷砖，然后沿着最短路径穿过所有目标。在实验 1 中，参与者要么从相同的视角，要么从不同的视角观看目标。如果参与者在演示之间改变视角，那么回忆目标时的错误就会增加，这表明必须对齐从不同视角获得的记忆才能进行整合。此外，错误模式表明，对第一次演示的记忆被转换为第二次演示的参考系。在实验 2 中，我们研究了这种转换是否是因为在编码过程中已经整合了新信息，还是因为在需要时整合了记忆信息。结果表明，情况确实如此。这可能是一种避免额外对齐的策略。
