Valiquette Christine, McNamara Timoth P
Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37203, USA.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2007 Aug;14(4):676-80. doi: 10.3758/bf03196820.
Determining one's current location and locating a goal relative to one's position are important components of successful human navigation in familiar environments. Several prominent cognitive theories of human spatial memory (e.g., McNamara, 2003; Sholl, 2001; Wang & Spelke, 2002) assume that both behaviors access the same enduring mental representations of the environment. Participants in the present experiment learned the locations of seven objects within a room from two views, and were then tested in a separate room using scene recognition and judgments of relative direction (JRD). Scene recognition results indicated that two viewer-centered representations of the layout of objects were preserved in long-term memory, whereas JRD showed evidence of a single orientation-dependent long-term mental representation. The challenges of incorporating the present findings into existing theories of human spatial memory are discussed.
确定自己当前的位置以及相对于自身位置定位目标，是在熟悉环境中成功进行人类导航的重要组成部分。几种著名的人类空间记忆认知理论（例如，麦克纳马拉，2003年；肖尔，2001年；王和斯佩尔克，2002年）假定，这两种行为都能获取相同的持久环境心理表征。本实验的参与者从两个视角学习了房间内七个物体的位置，然后在另一个房间使用场景识别和相对方向判断（JRD）进行测试。场景识别结果表明，以观察者为中心的两种物体布局表征被保存在长期记忆中，而JRD显示出存在单一方向依赖的长期心理表征的证据。文中讨论了将当前研究结果纳入现有人类空间记忆理论所面临的挑战。
