Chang Gung University, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.
Int J Sports Med. 2011 Jun;32(6):476-80. doi: 10.1055/s-0030-1263115. Epub 2011 Apr 6.
Studies have shown that the 577R allele of α-actinin-3 (ACTN3) is more prevalent in sprint athletes than in the general population or in endurance athletes. We examined the distribution of ACTN3 R577X (rs 1815739) genotypes and alleles in the Taiwanese general population (603) and in elite sprint swimmers who had participated in international/national events (168). Additionally, 50 pre-adolescent (age 11-13 years) male students and 38 adult males who completed 12-weeks of swimming training, were included in the present study. We found that the frequencies of the R allele were significantly higher in female international sprint swimmers (67.6%) than in national sprint swimmers (50.0%) or in the general population (53.7%). The 25-m performance was significantly improved across the genotypes after swimming training among the pre-adolescent males but not among the adult males. In addition, pre-adolescents with the RR genotype had the best performance both before and after training although not statistically significant. In conclusion, the frequencies of ACTN3 577R allele were significantly higher in female international sprint swimmers than among national sprint swimmers or the general population. Furthermore, male pre-adolescents with either the ACTN3 RX or XX genotype showed a greater improvement in 25-meter swimming performance than those with the RR genotype.
研究表明，α-辅肌动蛋白-3（ACTN3）的 577R 等位基因在短跑运动员中比在普通人群或耐力运动员中更为常见。我们检查了 ACTN3 R577X（rs1815739）基因型和等位基因在台湾普通人群（603 人）和参加国际/全国性比赛的精英短跑游泳运动员（168 人）中的分布。此外，本研究还纳入了 50 名 11-13 岁的青春期前男性学生和 38 名完成 12 周游泳训练的成年男性。我们发现，国际短跑游泳女运动员的 R 等位基因频率（67.6%）明显高于国家短跑游泳女运动员（50.0%）或普通人群（53.7%）。游泳训练后，青春期前男性的 25 米成绩在各基因型间均显著提高，但成年男性则不然。此外，尽管在统计学上无显著差异，但 RR 基因型的青春期前男性在训练前后的表现均最佳。总之，国际短跑游泳女运动员中 ACTN3 577R 等位基因的频率明显高于国家短跑游泳女运动员或普通人群。此外，无论是 ACTN3 RX 还是 XX 基因型的男性青春期前儿童，其 25 米游泳成绩的提高均大于 RR 基因型。
