Graduate Institute of Applied Science of Living, Tainan University of Technology, 529 Zhongzheng Rd., Yongkang District, Tainan City 71002, Taiwan.
Cancer Treat Rev. 2012 Feb;38(1):76-87. doi: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2011.03.001. Epub 2011 Apr 9.
Cancer metastasis is the major cause of cancer-related death, and chemoprevention is defined as the use of natural or synthetic substances to prevent cancer formation or cancer progress. Evidence that phenolic compounds may have a potential inhibitory effect on cancer invasion and metastasis is increasingly being reported in the scientific literature. Curcumin, resveratrol, and their related derivatives are the most studied compounds in this topic so far; gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, carnosol, capsaicin, 6-shogaol, 6-gingerol, and their corresponding derivatives are also suggested to be the active members of the phenolic family on anti-invasion and anti-metastasis. Because metastasis occurs through a multistep process, these bioactives might act on a variety of stages of the metastatic process to prevent tumor cells from metastasizing. This review summarizes the common protein targets and signaling pathways for the inhibition of invasion and metastasis as well as past publications on the in vitro and in vivo effects and molecular mechanisms of phenolic acids, monophenol, polyphenol, and their derivatives, except flavonoids, on cancer invasion and metastasis. Based on these data, we conclude that the daily consumption of natural dietary components that are rich in phenolics could be beneficial for the prevention of cancer metastasis.
癌症转移是癌症相关死亡的主要原因，化学预防被定义为使用天然或合成物质来预防癌症的形成或进展。越来越多的科学文献报道，酚类化合物可能对癌症侵袭和转移具有潜在的抑制作用。姜黄素、白藜芦醇及其相关衍生物是迄今为止该主题研究最多的化合物；没食子酸、绿原酸、咖啡酸、卡诺醇、辣椒素、6-姜辣素和 6- gingerol 及其相应的衍生物也被认为是酚类家族中具有抗侵袭和抗转移活性的成员。由于转移是通过多步过程发生的，这些生物活性物质可能作用于转移过程的多个阶段，以防止肿瘤细胞转移。本综述总结了常见的蛋白靶点和信号通路，以及过去关于除类黄酮以外的酚酸、单酚、多酚及其衍生物对癌症侵袭和转移的体外和体内作用及分子机制的研究，我们得出结论，富含酚类的天然膳食成分的日常摄入可能有助于预防癌症转移。
