Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus University, Nørrebrogade 44, Building 10G, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
J Gambl Stud. 2012 Mar;28(1):113-22. doi: 10.1007/s10899-011-9244-2.
Poker has gained tremendous popularity in recent years, increasing the risk for some individuals to develop pathological gambling. Here, we investigated cognitive biases in a computerized two-player poker task against a fictive opponent, among 12 pathological gambling poker players (PGP), 10 experienced poker players (ExP), and 11 inexperienced poker players (InP). Players were compared on probability estimation and decision-making with the hypothesis that ExP would have significantly lower cognitive biases than PGP and InP, and that the groups could be differentiated based on their cognitive bias styles. The results showed that ExP had a significantly lower average error margin in probability estimation than PGP and InP, and that PGP played hands with lower winning probability than ExP. Binomial logistic regression showed perfect differentiation (100%) between ExP and PGP, and 90.5% classification accuracy between ExP and InP. Multinomial logistic regression showed an overall classification accuracy of 23 out of 33 (69.7%) between the three groups. The classification accuracy of ExP was higher than that of PGP and InP due to the similarities in probability estimation and decision-making between PGP and InP. These impairments in probability estimation and decision-making of PGP may have implications for assessment and treatment of cognitive biases in pathological gambling poker players.
近年来，扑克游戏的风靡，增加了一些人发展为病理性赌博的风险。在这里，我们在一个计算机化的两人扑克任务中，针对一个虚构的对手，调查了 12 名病理性赌博扑克玩家（PGP）、10 名经验丰富的扑克玩家（ExP）和 11 名缺乏经验的扑克玩家（InP）的认知偏差。我们假设 ExP 会比 PGP 和 InP 具有显著更低的认知偏差，并根据他们的认知偏差风格将这些群体区分开来，对玩家的概率估计和决策进行了比较。结果表明，ExP 在概率估计上的平均误差幅度明显低于 PGP 和 InP，而 PGP 打出的牌的获胜概率低于 ExP。二项逻辑回归显示，ExP 和 PGP 之间的区分度达到了 100%（100%），而 ExP 和 InP 之间的分类准确率为 90.5%。多项逻辑回归显示，三组之间的整体分类准确率为 23 比 33（69.7%）。由于 PGP 和 InP 在概率估计和决策方面的相似性，ExP 的分类准确率高于 PGP 和 InP。PGP 在概率估计和决策方面的这些缺陷可能对病理性赌博扑克玩家的认知偏差的评估和治疗具有重要意义。
