Faculty of Nursing, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
Support Care Cancer. 2011 Aug;19(8):1097-105. doi: 10.1007/s00520-011-1159-z. Epub 2011 Apr 15.
Over the past two decades, the fields of psychosocial oncology and supportive care have seen clinically effective tools as underutilized despite proven benefits to cancer patients and their families. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the reasons for the failure of psychosocial and supportive care interventions in oncology to realize broad clinical implementation and to demonstrate how a knowledge management framework offers several advantages for increasing the probability of successful implementation.
This paper is based on a systematic review of the literature pertaining to efforts to implement psychosocial oncology and supportive care interventions.
The struggle to develop, implement, and evaluate promising psychosocial oncology and supportive care innovations has moved academic thought toward the development of models and theories concerning the best ways to move new knowledge into clinical practice. There are critical and common barriers to the successful transfer and implementation of promising interventions, and implementation efforts may be maximized by using knowledge management frameworks to systematically identify and address these barriers.
The successful implementation of empirically promising interventions requires research networks and practice groups to work together in a concerted, theory-guided effort to identify and address the contextual factors most relevant to any particular intervention. The growing support of knowledge implementation activities by research funders, policy-makers, opinion leaders, and advocates of psychosocial and supportive care interventions is a positive move in this direction.
在过去的二十年中，尽管心理社会肿瘤学和支持性护理领域的临床有效工具已被证明对癌症患者及其家属有益，但这些工具的应用仍未得到充分利用。本文旨在讨论心理社会肿瘤学和支持性护理干预措施未能广泛应用于临床的原因，并展示知识管理框架如何为提高成功实施的可能性提供若干优势。
本文基于对实施心理社会肿瘤学和支持性护理干预措施相关文献的系统回顾。
开发、实施和评估有前途的心理社会肿瘤学和支持性护理创新的努力使学术思想转向了开发有关将新知识应用于临床实践的最佳方法的模型和理论。有一些关键和常见的障碍会阻碍有前途的干预措施的成功转移和实施，而通过使用知识管理框架系统地识别和解决这些障碍，可以最大程度地提高实施工作的效果。
经验证有前途的干预措施的成功实施需要研究网络和实践团体共同协作，以理论为指导，努力确定和解决与任何特定干预措施最相关的背景因素。研究资助者、政策制定者、意见领袖以及心理社会肿瘤学和支持性护理干预措施的倡导者对知识实施活动的日益支持，是朝着这一方向迈出的积极一步。
