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1700 年至 20 世纪初英国的解剖学研究。

The study of anatomy in England from 1700 to the early 20th century.

机构信息

Leverhulme Centre for Human Evolutionary Studies, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.

出版信息

J Anat. 2011 Aug;219(2):91-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2011.01381.x. Epub 2011 Apr 18.

Abstract

The study of anatomy in England during the 18th and 19th century has become infamous for bodysnatching from graveyards to provide a sufficient supply of cadavers. However, recent discoveries have improved our understanding of how and why anatomy was studied during the enlightenment, and allow us to see the context in which dissection of the human body took place. Excavations of infirmary burial grounds and medical school cemeteries, study of hospital archives, and analysis of the content of surviving anatomical collections in medical museums enables us to re-evaluate the field from a fresh perspective. The pathway from a death in poverty, sale of the corpse to body dealer, dissection by anatomist or medical student, and either the disposal and burial of the remains or preservation of teaching specimens that survive today in medical museums is a complex and fascinating one.

摘要

18 世纪和 19 世纪英国的解剖学研究因从墓地偷取尸体以提供足够的尸体供应而声名狼藉。然而,最近的发现提高了我们对启蒙时期解剖学研究的方式和原因的理解,并使我们能够看到人体解剖发生的背景。对医务室墓地和医学院墓地的挖掘、对医院档案的研究以及对医学博物馆中现存解剖学收藏品内容的分析,使我们能够从新的视角重新评估这一领域。从贫困死亡、尸体出售给尸体贩子、解剖学家或医学生解剖,到剩余物的处理和埋葬,或者保存今天在医学博物馆中幸存的教学标本,这是一个复杂而引人入胜的过程。

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