Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, Division of Psychology and Language Sciences and Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK.
Emotion. 2011 Apr;11(2):346-53. doi: 10.1037/a0022771.
We establish attentional capture by emotional distractor faces presented as a "singleton" in a search task in which the emotion is entirely irrelevant. Participants searched for a male (or female) target face among female (or male) faces and indicated whether the target face was tilted to the left or right. The presence (vs. absence) of an irrelevant emotional singleton expression (fearful, angry, or happy) in one of the distractor faces slowed search reaction times compared to the singleton absent or singleton target conditions. Facilitation for emotional singleton targets was found for the happy expression but not for the fearful or angry expressions. These effects were found irrespective of face gender and the failure of a singleton neutral face to capture attention among emotional faces rules out a visual odd-one-out account for the emotional capture. The present study thus establishes irrelevant, emotional, attentional capture.
我们通过在搜索任务中呈现作为“单一元素”的情绪干扰面孔来建立注意力捕获，其中情绪完全不相关。参与者在女性（或男性）面孔中搜索男性（或女性）目标面孔，并指出目标面孔是向左还是向右倾斜。与不存在（或存在）无关的情绪单一元素表情（恐惧、愤怒或高兴）的干扰面孔相比，在搜索反应时间上呈现（不存在）会减慢搜索反应时间。对情绪单一元素目标的促进作用仅发现于高兴表情，而不是恐惧或愤怒表情。这些效果与面孔性别无关，并且单一中性面孔未能在情绪面孔中捕获注意力排除了视觉异类解释情绪捕获的可能性。因此，本研究确立了无关的、情绪的、注意力捕获。
