Ferreira Dennis C, Rôças Isabela N, Paiva Simone S M, Carmo Flávia L, Cavalcante Fernanda S, Rosado Alexandre S, Santos Kátia R N, Siqueira José F
Institute of Microbiology Prof Paulo de Góes, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2011 Aug;112(2):264-71. doi: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2011.01.029. Epub 2011 Apr 19.
Viral-bacterial and bacterial synergism have been suggested to contribute to the pathogenesis of several human diseases. This study sought to investigate the possible associations between 9 candidate endodontic bacterial pathogens and 9 human viruses in samples from acute apical abscesses.
DNA extracts from purulent exudate aspirates of 33 cases of acute apical abscess were surveyed for the presence of 9 selected bacterial species using a 16S ribosomal RNA gene-based nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) approach. Single or nested PCR assays were used for detection of the human papillomavirus (HPV) and herpesviruses types 1 to 8.
Two-thirds of the abscess samples were positive for at least one of the target viruses. Specifically, the most frequently detected viruses were HHV-8 (54.5%); HPV (9%); and varicella zoster virus (VZV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and HHV-6 (6%). Bacterial DNA was present in all cases and the most prevalent bacterial species were Treponema denticola (70%), Tannerella forsythia (67%), Porphyromonas endodontalis (67%), Dialister invisus (61%), and Dialister pneumosintes (57.5%). HHV-8 was positively associated with 7 of the target bacterial species and HPV with 4, but all these associations were weak. Several bacterial pairs showed a moderate positive association. Viral coinfection was found in 6 abscess cases, but no significant viral association could be determined.
Findings demonstrated that bacterial and viral DNA occurred concomitantly in two-thirds of the samples from endodontic abscesses. Although this may suggest a role for viruses in the etiology of apical abscesses, the possibility also exists that the presence of viruses in abscess samples is merely a consequence of the bacterially induced disease process. Further studies are necessary to clarify the role of these viral-bacterial interactions, if any, in the pathogenesis of acute apical abscesses.
病毒 - 细菌和细菌协同作用被认为与多种人类疾病的发病机制有关。本研究旨在调查急性根尖脓肿样本中9种候选牙髓细菌病原体与9种人类病毒之间可能存在的关联。
采用基于16S核糖体RNA基因的巢式聚合酶链反应（PCR）方法，对33例急性根尖脓肿的脓性渗出物抽吸物的DNA提取物进行检测，以确定9种选定细菌种类的存在情况。使用单重或巢式PCR检测人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）和1至8型疱疹病毒。
三分之二的脓肿样本至少对一种目标病毒呈阳性。具体而言，最常检测到的病毒是HHV - 8（54.5%）；HPV（9%）；水痘带状疱疹病毒（VZV）、爱泼斯坦 - 巴尔病毒（EBV）和HHV - 6（6%）。所有病例均存在细菌DNA，最常见的细菌种类是具核梭杆菌（70%）、福赛坦氏菌（67%）、牙髓卟啉单胞菌（67%）、隐匿戴阿利斯特菌（61%）和肺炎戴阿利斯特菌（57.5%）。HHV - 8与7种目标细菌种类呈正相关，HPV与4种呈正相关，但所有这些关联都很弱。几对细菌显示出中度正相关。在6例脓肿病例中发现了病毒合并感染，但无法确定病毒之间的显著关联。
研究结果表明，在牙髓脓肿样本的三分之二中，细菌和病毒DNA同时存在。虽然这可能提示病毒在根尖脓肿病因中起作用，但脓肿样本中病毒的存在也有可能仅仅是细菌诱导的疾病过程的结果。有必要进一步研究以阐明这些病毒 - 细菌相互作用（如果有的话）在急性根尖脓肿发病机制中的作用。
