Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Mail Stop 4015, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USA.
J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2011 May;72(3):390-8. doi: 10.15288/jsad.2011.72.390.
A large Danish birth cohort was used to test the independent and joint effects of perinatal measures associated with premature birth as predictors of the development of alcoholism in male and female subjects.
Subjects were born at the Copenhagen University Hospital between 1959 and 1961 (N = 9,125). A comprehensive series of measures was obtained for each of the 8,109 surviving and eligible infants before birth, during birth, shortly after birth, and at 1 year. The adult alcoholism outcome was defined as any ICD-10 F10 diagnosis (Mental and behavioral disorders due to alcohol use) or an equivalent ICD-8 diagnosis found in the Danish Psychiatric Central Research Register or the Municipal Alcohol Clinics of Copenhagen by 2007.
Multiple perinatal markers of premature birth independently predicted the development of an alcoholism diagnosis in male (n = 310) but not female (n = 138) subjects. Logistic regression modeling with a global prematurity score, adjusted for social status, maternal smoking, and gender, indicated a significant association of prematurity score for males (p < .02), but not females (p = .51), on the risk of developing an alcohol use disorder.
The results suggest that neurodevelopmental sequelae of premature birth are associated with gender-specific effects on the development of alcoholism in the male baby: small, premature, or growth-delayed male babies appear to be selectively vulnerable to alcoholic drinking years later. The findings implicate neurodevelopmental influences in alcoholism pathophysiology in males and suggest the possibility of distinct, gender-specific pathways in the etiology of severe problem drinking.
利用丹麦的一项大型出生队列研究，检验与早产相关的围产期指标对男性和女性发生酒精中毒的独立和联合预测作用。
研究对象出生于 1959 年至 1961 年期间哥本哈根大学医院（N=9125）。对 8109 名存活且符合条件的婴儿，在出生前、出生时、出生后不久和 1 岁时，进行了一系列全面的评估。成年酒精中毒的结果定义为任何 ICD-10 F10 诊断（因酒精使用导致的精神和行为障碍）或在 2007 年之前在丹麦精神病中央研究登记处或哥本哈根市酒精诊所发现的等效 ICD-8 诊断。
多项早产相关的围产期指标可独立预测男性（n=310）但不能预测女性（n=138）发生酒精中毒。使用全球早产评分进行逻辑回归建模，调整社会地位、母亲吸烟和性别因素后，男性早产评分与发生酒精使用障碍的风险显著相关（p<.02），但女性无显著相关（p=.51）。
研究结果表明，早产的神经发育后果与男性酒精中毒发生的性别特异性效应有关：小、早产或生长迟缓的男婴在以后的几年中似乎特别容易酗酒。这些发现提示神经发育因素在男性酒精中毒发病机制中的作用，并表明严重饮酒问题的病因可能存在独特的、性别特异性的途径。
