Center for Addictions, Personality, and Emotion Research, University of Maryland College Park, Department of Psychology, 1147 Biology Psychology Building, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2011 Nov 1;118(2-3):92-9. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.03.003. Epub 2011 Apr 22.
There are elevated rates of comorbid psychiatric disorders among individuals with substance dependence; however, little research examines these rates within inpatient settings, particularly in relation to gender and type of substance. The current study aimed to fill this gap.
465 patients (71.4% male) were recruited from an inpatient substance use treatment facility from 2006 to 2009. These patients were interviewed and diagnosed using the Structure Clinical Interview for DSM-IV and the Diagnostic Interview for Personality Disorders.
60.6% of patients with substance dependence had a current comorbid psychiatric disorder, and more than 30% had at least two psychiatric disorders. The most common current Axis I diagnosis was major depressive disorder (25.8%), followed by PTSD (14%). Comparable rates were found for Antisocial and Borderline Personality Disorders. Females were significantly more likely to meet diagnostic criteria for a psychiatric disorder than were males (73.7% versus 55.4%). When examining comorbidities across different substance dependences, the highest rates of comorbid psychiatric disorders were found among individuals with alcohol dependence (76.8%) and cannabis dependence (76%), although rates were above 60% for cocaine and opioid dependence. Rates of psychiatric diagnoses were significantly lower (27%) among patients who did not meet diagnostic criteria for substance dependence.
There are particularly elevated rates of psychiatric disorders among individuals with substance dependence in inpatient treatment. These rates differ as a function of substance dependence type and gender, making these factors important to consider when researching and treating this type of population.
物质依赖个体共患精神疾病的比率较高；然而，很少有研究在住院环境中检查这些比率，特别是在与性别和物质类型有关的情况下。本研究旨在填补这一空白。
2006 年至 2009 年，从一家住院物质使用治疗机构招募了 465 名患者（71.4%为男性）。这些患者接受了结构临床访谈 DSM-IV 和人格障碍诊断访谈的访谈和诊断。
60.6%的物质依赖患者有当前共患精神疾病，超过 30%的患者有至少两种精神疾病。目前最常见的轴 I 诊断是重性抑郁障碍（25.8%），其次是 PTSD（14%）。同样的比例也适用于反社会和边缘型人格障碍。女性比男性更有可能符合精神疾病的诊断标准（73.7%比 55.4%）。当检查不同物质依赖的共病时，酒精依赖（76.8%）和大麻依赖（76%）患者共患精神疾病的比率最高，尽管可卡因和阿片类药物依赖的比率也高于 60%。不符合物质依赖诊断标准的患者的精神诊断率明显较低（27%）。
住院治疗的物质依赖个体中，精神疾病的比率特别高。这些比率因物质依赖类型和性别而异，在研究和治疗这类人群时，这些因素很重要。
