Departement of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Prog Brain Res. 2011;190:169-88. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-53817-8.00011-6.
A very important outcome of reduced sleep is accidents. The present chapter will attempt to bring together some of the present knowledge in this area. We will focus on the driving situation, for which the evidence of the link between sleep loss and accidents is quite well established, but we will also bring up working life in general where evidence is more sparse. It should be emphasized that reduced sleep as a cause of accidents implies that the mediating factor is sleepiness (or fatigue). This link is discussed elsewhere in this volume, but here we will bring in sleepiness (subjective or physiological) as an explanatory factor of accidents. Another central observation is that many real life accident studies do not link accidents to reduced sleep, but infer reduced sleep and/or sleepiness from the context, like, for example, from work schedules, life styles, or sleep pathology. Reduced sleep is mainly due to suboptimal work schedules (or to a suboptimal life style) or to sleep pathology. We have divided the present chapter into two areas.
睡眠减少的一个非常重要的后果是事故。本章将试图汇集该领域的一些现有知识。我们将重点关注驾驶情况，因为在这种情况下，睡眠不足与事故之间的联系已经得到了很好的证实，但我们也将提到工作场所的一般情况，因为这方面的证据较为匮乏。应该强调的是，睡眠减少是导致事故的原因，这意味着其中介因素是嗜睡（或疲劳）。这一联系在本卷的其他地方进行了讨论，但在这里，我们将把嗜睡（主观或生理）作为事故的解释因素。另一个重要的观察结果是，许多现实生活中的事故研究并没有将事故与睡眠减少联系起来，而是从工作安排、生活方式或睡眠病理等背景中推断出睡眠减少和/或嗜睡。睡眠减少主要是由于工作安排不佳（或生活方式不佳）或睡眠病理。我们将本章分为两个部分。
