Department of Psychology and Population Research Center, University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station A8000, Austin, TX 78703, USA.
Dev Psychol. 2011 May;47(3):739-46. doi: 10.1037/a0023279.
Consistent with social neuroscience perspectives on adolescent development, previous cross-sectional research has found diverging mean age-related trends for sensation seeking and impulsivity during adolescence. The present study uses longitudinal data on 7,640 youth from the National Longitudinal Study of Youth Children and Young Adults, a nationally representative sample assessed biennially from 1994 to 2006. Latent growth curve models were used to investigate mean age-related changes in self-reports of impulsivity and sensation seeking from ages 12 to 24 years, as well individual differences in these changes. Three novel findings are reported. First, impulsivity and sensation seeking showed diverging patterns of longitudinal change at the population level. Second, there was substantial person-to-person variation in the magnitudes of developmental change in both impulsivity and sensation seeking, with some teenagers showing rapid changes as they matured and others maintaining relatively constant levels with age. Finally, the correlation between age-related changes in impulsivity and sensation seeking was modest and not significant. Together, these results constitute the first support for the dual systems model of adolescent development to derive from longitudinal behavioral data.
与青少年发展的社会神经科学观点一致，先前的横断面研究发现，青少年时期的寻求刺激和冲动在平均年龄相关趋势上存在差异。本研究使用了来自全国青少年纵向研究的数据，该研究是一个具有全国代表性的样本，从 1994 年到 2006 年每两年评估一次。潜增长曲线模型用于研究从 12 岁到 24 岁自我报告的冲动和寻求刺激的平均年龄相关变化，以及这些变化的个体差异。报告了三个新发现。首先，冲动和寻求刺激在人口水平上表现出不同的纵向变化模式。其次，冲动和寻求刺激的发展变化幅度在人与人之间存在很大差异，一些青少年在成熟过程中表现出快速变化，而另一些青少年则随着年龄的增长保持相对稳定的水平。最后，冲动和寻求刺激的年龄相关变化之间的相关性适中且不显著。总的来说，这些结果首次从纵向行为数据中支持青少年发展的双重系统模型。
