Department of Dermato-Allergology, The National Allergy Research Centre, University of Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospital, 2820 Gentofte, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Contact Dermatitis. 2011 Jun;64(6):337-42. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.2011.01876.x. Epub 2011 Apr 28.
Allergic contact dermatitis is triggered by chemicals in the environment. Primary prevention is aimed at minimizing the risk of induction, whereas secondary and tertiary prevention are aimed at reducing elicitation.
To identify the elicitation doses that will elicit an allergic reaction in 10% of allergic individuals under patch test conditions (ED(10) patch test) for different allergens, and to compare the results with those for different allergens and with animal data indicating sensitizing potency from the literature.
The literature was searched for patch test elicitation studies that fulfilled six selected criteria. The elicitation doses were calculated, and fitted dose-response curves were drawn.
Sixteen studies with eight different allergens-methylchloroisothiazolinone/ methylisothiazolinone, formaldehyde, nickel, cobalt, chromium, isoeugenol, hydroxyiso hexyl 3-cyclohexene carboxaldehyde, and methyldibromo glutaronitrile-were selected. The median ED(10) value was 0.835 µg/cm(2). The ED(10) patch test values were all within a factor of 7 from the lowest to the highest value, leaving out three outliers. No obvious patterns between the sensitization and elicitation doses for the allergens were found.
We found a rather small variation in the ED(10) patch test between the allergens, and no clear relationship between induction potency and elicitation threshold of a range of allergens. This knowledge may stimulate thoughts on introducing a generic approach for limitations in exposure to well-known allergens.
过敏性接触性皮炎是由环境中的化学物质引起的。一级预防旨在最大限度地降低诱导风险，而二级和三级预防旨在减少激发。
确定在斑贴试验条件下（ED（10）斑贴试验）引发 10%过敏个体产生过敏反应的激发剂量，同时将结果与不同过敏原的结果以及动物数据进行比较，这些动物数据来自文献中指示致敏能力的数据。
对满足六个选定标准的斑贴试验激发研究进行文献检索。计算激发剂量，并绘制拟合剂量-反应曲线。
选择了十六项研究，涉及八种不同的过敏原，即甲基氯异噻唑啉酮/甲基异噻唑啉酮、甲醛、镍、钴、铬、异丁香酚、羟基异己基 3-环己烯羧醛和甲基二溴戊二腈。中位 ED（10）值为 0.835µg/cm²。ED（10）斑贴试验值在最低值到最高值之间相差 7 倍以内，排除了三个异常值。在过敏原的致敏和激发剂量之间没有发现明显的模式。
我们发现过敏原之间的 ED（10）斑贴试验值变化较小，并且一系列过敏原的诱导能力和激发阈值之间没有明确的关系。这些知识可能会激发对引入针对知名过敏原暴露限制的通用方法的思考。
