MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge CB2 7EF, UK.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2011 Jun 12;366(1571):1684-701. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2010.0362.
Cognitive research has long been aware of the relationship between individual differences in personality and performance on behavioural tasks. However, within the field of cognitive neuroscience, the way in which such differences manifest at a neural level has received relatively little attention. We review recent research addressing the relationship between personality traits and the neural response to viewing facial signals of emotion. In one section, we discuss work demonstrating the relationship between anxiety and the amygdala response to facial signals of threat. A second section considers research showing that individual differences in reward drive (behavioural activation system), a trait linked to aggression, influence the neural responsivity and connectivity between brain regions implicated in aggression when viewing facial signals of anger. Finally, we address recent criticisms of the correlational approach to fMRI analyses and conclude that when used appropriately, analyses examining the relationship between personality and brain activity provide a useful tool for understanding the neural basis of facial expression processing and emotion processing in general.
认知研究早就意识到个体在人格上的差异与在行为任务上的表现之间存在关联。然而，在认知神经科学领域，这种差异在神经层面上的表现方式却很少受到关注。我们回顾了最近的研究，这些研究探讨了人格特质与观看面部情绪信号时的神经反应之间的关系。在一个部分中，我们讨论了工作表明焦虑与杏仁核对威胁面部信号的反应之间的关系。第二部分考虑了研究表明，与攻击性相关的奖励驱动（行为激活系统）的个体差异会影响在观看愤怒的面部信号时，与攻击性相关的大脑区域之间的神经反应性和连通性。最后，我们讨论了对 fMRI 分析的相关方法的最近批评，并得出结论，当使用得当时，分析人格与大脑活动之间的关系提供了一种有用的工具，可以帮助理解面部表情处理和一般情绪处理的神经基础。
