Schuknecht B, Müller J, Nadjmi M
Abteilung für Neuroradiologie, Universität Würzburg.
Rofo. 1990 Jan;152(1):80-6. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1046822.
Malignant melanoma of the meninges is a rare neoplasm derived from melanocytes of the cranial or spinal meninges. Histologically classified as grade IV tumours, malignant melanoma may present either as a diffuse meningeal neoplasm, first described by Virchow in 1859, or as a circumscribed tumour attached to the meninges. Although diagnosis is rarely established prior to surgery or autopsy, MR and CT may provide indispensable information probably leading to earlier diagnosis. In 4 patients, diagnosis of a primary meningeal melanoma was based on MR and CT findings and histology. Histology was obtained in 3 cases by surgery, in one patient by autopsy and showed a melanotic and an amelanotic malignant melanoma in 2 patients each. Autopsy was carried out in 3 cases after survival of 4, 5, and 18 months; in a single case, the follow-up period is almost 3 years.
脑膜恶性黑色素瘤是一种罕见的肿瘤,起源于颅或脊膜的黑素细胞。组织学上归类为IV级肿瘤,恶性黑色素瘤可表现为弥漫性脑膜肿瘤(1859年由Virchow首次描述),或表现为附着于脑膜的局限性肿瘤。尽管在手术或尸检前很少能确诊,但磁共振成像(MR)和计算机断层扫描(CT)可能提供不可或缺的信息,有可能导致早期诊断。在4例患者中,原发性脑膜黑色素瘤的诊断基于MR和CT检查结果及组织学检查。3例通过手术获取组织学样本,1例通过尸检获取,其中2例患者的组织学检查显示为黑素性恶性黑色素瘤,另外2例为无黑素性恶性黑色素瘤。3例患者分别在存活4个月、5个月和18个月后进行了尸检;1例患者的随访期近3年。