Department of Pharmacology, Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy.
Intern Emerg Med. 2012 Aug;7(4):313-22. doi: 10.1007/s11739-011-0606-7. Epub 2011 May 5.
Soft drinks and sugar-sweetened beverages have been targeted as one of the primary culprits in the escalating rates of obesity and diabetes and reduction of added sugars is considered between the goals to achieve in order to promote cardiovascular health and to reduce deaths from cardiovascular causes. Many reliable mechanisms, such as dislypidemia, inflammation and enhanced oxidative stress, have been proposed to support a causal link between sugar sweetened beverages intake and cardiovascular risk, but the ultimate underlying pathways remain to be determined in adequately designed studies. Furthermore, while epidemiological evidence strongly supports an association between sugar sweetened beverages consumption and obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus or cardiovascular risk, incongruous findings yielded by clinical trials, or formal meta-analyses make difficult to draw firm conclusions in this regard. Further and rigorous studies are needed to better understand the role of sugar sweetened beverages in the etiology of cardiovascular diseases and to better address the warnings and decisions of regulatory authorities on public health worldwide.
软饮料和含糖饮料已被确定为肥胖症和糖尿病发病率不断上升的主要元凶之一，减少添加糖被认为是为了促进心血管健康和降低心血管疾病导致的死亡而需要实现的目标之一。许多可靠的机制，如血脂异常、炎症和氧化应激增强，都被认为支持了含糖饮料摄入与心血管风险之间的因果关系，但在设计合理的研究中仍需要确定最终的潜在途径。此外，尽管流行病学证据强烈支持含糖饮料消费与肥胖、2 型糖尿病或心血管风险之间的关联，但临床试验或正式的荟萃分析得出的不一致结果使得难以对此得出确凿的结论。需要进一步进行严格的研究，以更好地了解含糖饮料在心血管疾病发病机制中的作用，并更好地应对全球监管机构就公共卫生问题发出的警告和做出的决策。
