Physical Therapy Program, Department of Kinesiology, Neag School of Education and Center for Ecological Study of Perception and Action, University of Connecticut, 358 Mansfield Road, U2101, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
Phys Ther. 2011 Jul;91(7):1116-29. doi: 10.2522/ptj.20100294. Epub 2011 May 5.
Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are the most common pediatric diagnoses in the United States. In this perspective article, we propose that a diverse set of motor impairments are present in children and adults with ASDs. Specifically, we will discuss evidence related to gross motor, fine motor, postural control, and imitation/praxis impairments. Moreover, we propose that early motor delays within the first 2 years of life may contribute to the social impairments of children with ASDs; therefore, it is important to address motor impairments through timely assessments and effective interventions. Lastly, we acknowledge the limitations of the evidence currently available and suggest clinical implications for motor assessment and interventions in children with ASDs. In terms of assessment, we believe that comprehensive motor evaluations are warranted for children with ASDs and infants at risk for ASDs. In terms of interventions, there is an urgent need to develop novel embodied interventions grounded in movement and motor learning principles for children with autism.
自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）是美国最常见的儿科诊断。在这篇观点文章中，我们提出，患有 ASD 的儿童和成人存在一系列不同的运动障碍。具体而言，我们将讨论与粗大运动、精细运动、姿势控制和模仿/动作障碍相关的证据。此外，我们提出，生命最初 2 年内的早期运动延迟可能导致 ASD 儿童的社交障碍；因此，通过及时评估和有效的干预来解决运动障碍非常重要。最后，我们承认目前可用证据的局限性，并为 ASD 儿童的运动评估和干预提出临床意义。在评估方面，我们认为全面的运动评估对于患有 ASD 的儿童和有 ASD 风险的婴儿是必要的。在干预方面，迫切需要根据运动和运动学习原则为自闭症儿童开发新的基于身体的干预措施。
