Nutrition education, Graduate School of Education, Inha University, Incheon, Korea.
Nutr Res Pract. 2011 Apr;5(2):169-78. doi: 10.4162/nrp.2011.5.2.169. Epub 2011 Apr 25.
Fast food is popular among children and adolescents; however, its consumption has often been associated with negative impacts on nutrition and health. This study examined current fast food consumption status among middle school students and explored factors influencing fast food consumption by applying Theory of Planned Behavior. A total of 354 (52.5% boys) students were recruited from a middle school. The subjects completed a pre-tested questionnaire. The average monthly frequency of fast food consumption was 4.05 (4.25 for boys, 3.83 for girls). As expected, fast food consumption was considered to be a special event rather than part of an everyday diet, closely associated with meeting friends or celebrating, most likely with friends, special days. The Theory of Planned Behavior effectively explained fast food consumption behaviors with relatively high R(2) around 0.6. Multiple regression analyses showed that fast food consumption behavior was significantly related to behavioral intention (b = 0.61, P < 0.001) and perceived behavioral control (b = 0.19, P < 0.001). Further analysis showed that behavioral intention was significantly related to subjective norm (b = 0.15, P < 0.01) and perceived behavioral control (b = 0.56, P < 0.001). Attitude toward fast food consumption was not significantly associated with behavioral intention. Therefore, effective nutrition education programs on fast food consumption should include components to change the subjective norms of fast food consumption, especially among peers, and perceived behavioral control. Further studies should examine effective ways of changing subjective norms and possible alternatives to fast food consumption for students to alter perceived behavioral control.
快餐在儿童和青少年中很受欢迎；然而，它的消费经常与营养和健康的负面影响有关。本研究通过应用计划行为理论，考察了中学生当前的快餐消费状况，并探讨了影响快餐消费的因素。从一所中学招募了 354 名（52.5%为男生）学生。受试者完成了一份预先测试的问卷。快餐消费的平均月频率为 4.05（男生为 4.25，女生为 3.83）。正如预期的那样，快餐消费被认为是一种特殊的事件，而不是日常饮食的一部分，与与朋友见面或庆祝，最有可能与朋友一起，特殊的日子密切相关。计划行为理论有效地解释了快餐消费行为，其 R(2)值相对较高，约为 0.6。多元回归分析表明，快餐消费行为与行为意向（b=0.61，P<0.001）和感知行为控制（b=0.19，P<0.001）显著相关。进一步的分析表明，行为意向与主观规范（b=0.15，P<0.01）和感知行为控制（b=0.56，P<0.001）显著相关。对快餐消费的态度与行为意向没有显著关系。因此，有效的快餐消费营养教育计划应包括改变快餐消费的主观规范的组成部分，尤其是同龄人，并感知行为控制。进一步的研究应该研究改变主观规范和替代快餐消费的有效方法，以改变学生对感知行为控制的看法。
