Nutrition Research Center, Department of Public Health, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Department of Public Health, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
J Health Popul Nutr. 2024 Sep 17;43(1):147. doi: 10.1186/s41043-024-00640-1.
Considering the increasing prevalence of fast food consumption among teenagers, providing the necessary training and self-awareness is the best solution for institutionalizing the prevention of fast food consumption by this group. Therefore, this issue should be taken seriously, as should the implementation of educational interventions to prevent the consumption of fast food. The theory of planned behavior (TPB) is one of the various health education styles and methods that works well. However, given that a number of local data points are crucial in establishing the efficacy of the model employed, this study looks into the impact of TPB-based education in preventing fast food intake among teenagers.
A total of 180 male students, ages 15 to 18, participated in this quasi-experimental study in Shiraz, Iran. Cluster sampling was used in the study, and participants were randomly assigned to two groups: the experimental group (n = 90) and the control group (n = 90). A theory-based questionnaire was used to gather data, and both the control and experimental groups had to complete it before and three months after the intervention. The data were examined using paired t, independent t, and chi-square statistical tests after being entered into SPSS-24.
The results of the independent t-test showed that there was no significant difference between the two study groups before the intervention in terms of knowledge (P = 0.14), attitude (P = 0.57), subjective norms (P = 0.94), perceived behavioral control (P = 0.81), behavioral intention (P = 0.42), or behavior (P = 0.25). However, following the intervention, there was a significant difference between the two groups with regard to the noted variables (P = 0.001). Furthermore, the McNemar test results demonstrated that the experimental group's consumption of fast food varied significantly before and after the intervention (P = 0.001), but not in the control group (P = 0.07).
The study's findings demonstrated that TPB-based treatments are successful in helping male students change their habits of consuming fewer amounts of fast food. This study demonstrated that the instructional techniques employed improved the fast food consumption behavior of the intervention group as well as the TPB's structure (attitude, subjective norms, behavioral intention, and perceived behavioral intention).
考虑到青少年快餐消费的流行率不断上升，为他们提供必要的培训和自我意识是使该群体将预防快餐消费制度化的最佳解决方案。因此，应该认真对待这个问题，并实施教育干预措施来预防快餐消费。计划行为理论（TPB）是各种健康教育风格和方法之一，效果很好。然而，鉴于一些本地数据点对于确定所采用模型的功效至关重要，因此本研究探讨了基于 TPB 的教育对预防青少年快餐摄入的影响。
本研究在伊朗设拉子进行了一项准实验研究，共有 180 名 15 至 18 岁的男性学生参与。研究采用聚类抽样，参与者被随机分配到实验组（n=90）和对照组（n=90）。使用基于理论的问卷收集数据，对照组和实验组都必须在干预前和干预后三个月完成问卷。将数据输入 SPSS-24 后，使用配对 t 检验、独立 t 检验和卡方检验进行分析。
独立 t 检验结果显示，在干预前，两组学生在知识（P=0.14）、态度（P=0.57）、主观规范（P=0.94）、感知行为控制（P=0.81）、行为意向（P=0.42）或行为（P=0.25）方面均无显著差异。然而，干预后，两组在上述变量方面存在显著差异（P=0.001）。此外，McNemar 检验结果表明，实验组在干预前后的快餐消费有显著差异（P=0.001），而对照组则无显著差异（P=0.07）。
研究结果表明，基于 TPB 的治疗方法有助于帮助男学生改变他们的快餐消费习惯。本研究表明，所采用的教学技术不仅改善了干预组的快餐消费行为，还改善了 TPB 的结构（态度、主观规范、行为意向和感知行为意向）。
